| Samfuri | Nau'i | Φ(mm) | f (mm) | R1 (mm) | tc(mm) | te(mm) | fb(mm) | Shafi | Farashin Naúrar | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00007 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 25.4 | 60.0 | 37.33 | 4.3 | 22.251 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00006 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 20.0 | 65.0 | 40.09 | 6.3 | 60.868 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00005 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 12.7 | 25.0 | 15,596 | 7.0 | 22.251 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00004 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 12.0 | 25.0 | 15.346 | 4.2 | 22.286 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00003 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 10.0 | 20.0 | 12.3 | 3.6 | 17.625 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00002 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 8.0 | 25.0 | 15,596 | 2.9 | 23.125 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9033A00001 | Mai kama da launin shuɗi | 6.0 | 15.0 | 8.831 | 2.71 | 13.066 | 1/4 igiyar ruwa MgF2@550nm | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00020 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 1000.0 | 1036.23 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 999.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00019 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 750.0 | 774.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 748.8 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00018 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 500.0 | 517.91 | 2.3 | 2.0 | 499.2 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00017 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 400.0 | 413.8 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 399.0 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00016 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 300.0 | 310.55 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 299.2 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00015 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 250.0 | 258.7 | 2.6 | 2.0 | 249.1 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00014 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 200.0 | 206.84 | 2.8 | 2.0 | 199.0 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00013 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 150.0 | 154.97 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 149.0 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00012 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 125.0 | 129.02 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 123.9 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00011 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 100.0 | 103.5 | 3.6 | 2.0 | 98.8 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00010 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 75.0 | 77.04 | 4.1 | 2.0 | 76.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00009 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 60.0 | 61.4 | 4.7 | 2.0 | 58.5 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00008 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 50.0 | 50.92 | 5.2 | 2.0 | 48.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00007 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 40.0 | 40.4 | 6.1 | 2.0 | 37.9 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00006 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 35.0 | 35.09 | 6.8 | 2.0 | 32.8 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00005 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 25.4 | 25.4 | 24.71 | 9.0 | 2.0 | 22.2 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00004 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 12.7 | 40 | 40.95 | 3.0 | 2.0 | 39 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00003 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 12.7 | 30 | 30.52 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 28.9 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00002 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 12.7 | 25 | 25.28 | 3.6 | 2.0 | 23.8 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9032A00001 | Mai Juyawa Biyu | 12.7 | 20 | 20.01 | 4 | 2.0 | 18.6 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00009 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 25.4 | -100 | 104 | 2 | 3.6 | -100.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00008 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 25.4 | -75 | 78.09 | 2 | 4.1 | -75.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00007 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 25.4 | -50 | 52.17 | 2 | 5.1 | -50.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00006 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 25.4 | -35 | 36.62 | 2 | 6.5 | -35.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00005 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 25.0 | -25 | 26.25 | 2 | 8.6 | -25.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00004 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 12.7 | -50 | 52.17 | 2 | 2.8 | -50.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00003 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 12.7 | -40 | 41.8 | 2 | 3.0 | -40.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00002 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 12.7 | -30 | 31.44 | 2 | 3.3 | -30.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9031A00001 | Mai Rauni Biyu | 12.7 | -25 | 26.25 | 2 | 3.6 | -25.7 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00010 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -100 | 51.83 | 2 | 3.6 | -101.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00009 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -75 | 38.87 | 2 | 4.1 | -76.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00008 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -50 | 25.92 | 2 | 5.3 | -51.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00007 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -35 | 18.14 | 2 | 7.2 | -36.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00006 | Plano-Concave | 25.4 | -25 | 12.97 | 2 | 10.9 | -26.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00005 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -50 | 25.92 | 2 | 2.8 | -51.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00004 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -30 | 15.55 | 2 | 3.4 | -31.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | Saukewa: CH9030A00003 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -25 | 12.96 | 2 | 3.7 | -26.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00002 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -20 | 10.37 | 2 | 4.1 | -21.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
| ƘARI+KADAN- | CH9030A00001 | Plano-Concave | 12.7 | -15 | 7.78 | 2 | 5.3 | -16.3 | Ba a rufe ba | Nemi Farashin Kuɗi | |
Ruwan tabarau na gani abubuwa ne masu haske waɗanda ke da saman lanƙwasa waɗanda za su iya ja da kuma mayar da hankali kan haske. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin tsarin gani daban-daban don sarrafa hasken, gyara gani, ƙara girman abubuwa, da kuma ƙirƙirar hotuna. Ruwan tabarau abubuwa ne masu mahimmanci a cikin kyamarori, na'urorin hangen nesa, na'urorin hangen nesa, gilashin ido, na'urorin hangen nesa, da sauran na'urori masu hangen nesa da yawa.
Akwai manyan nau'ikan ruwan tabarau guda biyu:
Ruwan tabarau masu convex (ko masu haɗuwa): Waɗannan ruwan tabarau sun fi kauri a tsakiya fiye da gefuna, kuma suna haɗa hasken da ke ratsa su zuwa wani wuri mai haske a gefen ruwan tabarau. Ana amfani da ruwan tabarau masu lanƙwasa a cikin gilashin ƙara girman haske, kyamarori, da gilashin ido don gyara hangen nesa.
Ruwan tabarau masu rarrafe (ko masu bambanta): Waɗannan ruwan tabarau sun fi siriri a tsakiya fiye da gefuna, kuma suna sa haskoki masu layi ɗaya da ke ratsa su su bambanta kamar suna fitowa daga wurin hangen nesa na kama-da-wane a gefen ruwan tabarau ɗaya. Ana amfani da ruwan tabarau masu lanƙwasa don gyara hangen nesa na kusa.
An tsara ruwan tabarau bisa ga tsawon haskensu, wanda shine nisan da ke tsakanin ruwan tabarau zuwa wurin da aka fi mayar da hankali. Tsawon hasken yana ƙayyade matakin lanƙwasa haske da kuma samuwar hoton da ya haifar.
Wasu mahimman kalmomi da suka shafi ruwan tabarau na gani sun haɗa da:
Wurin da aka mayar da hankali: Wurin da haskoki masu haske ke taruwa ko kuma suke bayyana suna rabuwa bayan sun ratsa ta cikin ruwan tabarau. Ga ruwan tabarau masu lanƙwasa, shine wurin da haskoki masu layi ɗaya ke taruwa. Ga ruwan tabarau masu lanƙwasa, shine wurin da haskoki masu lanƙwasa suka bayyana suna fitowa.
Tsawon mai da hankali: Nisa tsakanin ruwan tabarau da wurin da aka fi mayar da hankali. Ma'auni ne mai mahimmanci wanda ke bayyana ƙarfin ruwan tabarau da girman hoton da aka samar.
Ganuwa: Diamita na ruwan tabarau wanda ke ba da damar haske ya ratsa. Babban rami yana ba da damar ƙarin haske ya ratsa, wanda ke haifar da hoto mai haske.
Axis na ganiLayin tsakiya yana ratsa tsakiyar ruwan tabarau zuwa samansa.
Ƙarfin ruwan tabarau: Idan aka auna shi a cikin diopters (D), ƙarfin ruwan tabarau yana nuna ikon refractive na ruwan tabarau. Ruwan tabarau masu convex suna da iko mai kyau, yayin da ruwan tabarau masu concave suna da iko mai kyau.
Gilashin gani sun kawo sauyi a fannoni daban-daban, tun daga ilmin taurari zuwa kimiyyar likitanci, ta hanyar ba mu damar lura da abubuwa masu nisa, gyara matsalolin gani, da kuma yin hotuna da aunawa daidai. Suna ci gaba da taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen ci gaban fasaha da binciken kimiyya.