Iyini ingilazi ebonakalayo?

Ingilazi ebonakalayouhlobo olukhethekile lwengilazi oluklanywe ngokukhethekile futhi olukhiqizwa ukuze lusetshenziswe ezinhlelweni ezahlukene zokukhanya. Lunezakhiwo nezici ezihlukile ezenza lufanelekele ukuphathwa nokulawulwa kokukhanya, okuvumela ukwakheka nokuhlaziywa kwezithombe ezisezingeni eliphezulu.

Ukwakheka:

Ingilazi ebonakalayo yakhiwa ngokuyinhloko nge-silica (SiO2)₂) njengengxenye eyinhloko eyakha ingilazi, kanye nezinye izingxenye zamakhemikhali ezahlukahlukene, njenge-boron, i-sodium, i-potassium, i-calcium, kanye ne-lead. Inhlanganisela ethile kanye nokuhlushwa kwalezi zingxenye kunquma izakhiwo ezibonakalayo nezemishini zengilazi.

Izakhiwo Zokubona:

1. Inkomba Yokugqama:Ingilazi yokubona inenkomba yokubona elawulwa kahle futhi elinganiswe kahle. Inkomba yokubona ichaza indlela ukukhanya okugoba noma okushintsha ngayo isiqondiso njengoba kudlula engilazini, okuthinta izakhiwo zokubona zamalensi, ama-prism, nezinye izingxenye zokubona.

2. Ukuhlakazeka:Ukuhlakazeka kubhekisela ekuhlukanisweni kokukhanya kube yimibala noma ubude bamaza njengoba kudlula ezintweni. Ingilazi ebonakalayo ingaklanywa ukuze ibe nezici ezithile zokuhlakazeka, okuvumela ukulungiswa kokuphazamiseka kwe-chromatic ezinhlelweni zokukhanya.

3. Ukudluliselwa:Ingilazi ebonakalayoiklanyelwe ukuba nokubonakala okuphezulu kokukhanya, okuvumela ukukhanya ukuthi kudlule ngaphandle kokumuncwa okuncane. Ingilazi yenzelwe ukuba namazinga aphansi okungcola nombala ukuze kufezwe ukudluliselwa kokukhanya okuhle kakhulu ebangeni lamaza okukhanya elifunekayo.

Ingilazi ebonakalayo uhlobo olukhethekile lwengilazi

Izakhiwo Zemishini:

1. Ukulingana Okubonakalayo:Ingilazi yokukhanya yenzelwe ukuba ibe nokulingana okuphezulu kokukhanya, okusho ukuthi inezakhiwo zokukhanya ezifanayo kulo lonke ubukhulu bayo. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni ikhwalithi yesithombe nokugwema ukuphazamiseka okubangelwa ukushintshashintsha kwenkomba yokukhanya kuyo yonke into.

2. Ukuzinza Kokushisa:Ingilazi ebonakalayo ibonisa ukuzinza okuhle kokushisa, okwenza ikwazi ukumelana nezinguquko ekushiseni ngaphandle kokukhula okukhulu noma ukufinyela. Lokhu kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kahle kwamalensi nezinye izingxenye ze-optical ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo ezahlukahlukene.

3. Amandla Okusebenza:Kusukelaingilazi ebonakalayoivame ukusetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokukhanya ezinembile, idinga ukuba namandla anele okusebenza ukuze imelane nokuphathwa nokucindezeleka kokufakwa ngaphandle kokuguqulwa noma ukuphuka. Amasu ahlukahlukene okuqinisa, njengezinqubo zamakhemikhali noma zokushisa, angasetshenziswa ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zayo zokusebenza.

Izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwengilazi yokukhanya

Nazi ezinye izici kanye nokusetshenziswa kwengilazi yokukhanya:

Fukudla:

1. Ukucaca:Ingilazi ebonakalayo ikwazi ukucaca kakhulu ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kanye neminye imisebe kagesi. Lesi sici siyivumela ukuthi idlulise ukukhanya kahle ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okukhulu noma ukuhlakazeka.

2. Inkomba Yokugqama:Ingilazi yokubona ingakhiqizwa ngezikhombisi ezithile zokubuka. Lesi sici senza kube lula ukulawula nokuphatha imisebe yokukhanya, okwenza ifaneleke kumalensi, ama-prism, nezinye izingxenye zokubona.

Izici zeglasi elibonakalayo

3. Inombolo ka-Abbe:Inombolo ye-Abbe ilinganisa ukusabalala kwezinto, ikhombisa ukuthi amaza okukhanya ahlukene asakazeka kanjani lapho edlula kuyo. Ingilazi ebonakalayo ingenziwa ukuze ibe nezinombolo ezithile ze-Abbe, okuvumela ukulungiswa okuphumelelayo kokuphazamiseka kwe-chromatic kumalensi.

4. Ukwanda Okuphansi Kokushisa:Ingilazi ebonakalayo ine-coefficient ephansi yokwanda kokushisa, okusho ukuthi ayinwebi noma ayinciphisi kakhulu ngokushintsha kwezinga lokushisa. Lesi sici siqinisekisa ukuzinza futhi sivimbela ukuphambuka ezinhlelweni zokukhanya.

5. Ukuzinza Kwamakhemikhali Nokwemishini:Ingilazi ebonakalayo izinzile ngamakhemikhali nangokwemishini, okwenza imelane nezici zemvelo ezifana nomswakama, ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa, kanye nokucindezeleka ngokomzimba. Lokhu kuqina kuqinisekisa ukuhlala isikhathi eside nokusebenza kwezinsimbi ezibonakalayo.

Izicelo:

Ingilazi ebonakalayo isetshenziswa kabanzi ezinhlelweni namadivayisi ahlukahlukene e-optical, okuhlanganisa:

1.Amalensi ekhamera:Ingilazi ebonakalayokuyisici esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwamalensi ekhamera, okuvumela ukugxila okunembile, ukulungiswa kwesithombe, kanye nokunemba kombala.

2.Ama-Microscope nama-telescope:Ingilazi ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amalensi, izibuko, ama-prism, nezinye izingxenye kuma-microscope nama-telescope, okwenza kube lula ukukhulisa nokubonisa izinto ngokucacile.

3.Ubuchwepheshe be-laser:Ingilazi ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amakristalu namalensi e-laser, okuvumela ukulawulwa okunembile kwemisebe ye-laser, ukwakheka kwemisebe, kanye nokuhlukaniswa kwemisebe.

Ingilazi ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza amakristalu e-laser

4.I-fiber optics: Imicu yengilazi ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukudlulisa idatha yedijithali emabangeni amade ngesivinini esikhulu, okuvumela ukuxhumana ngocingo, ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi, kanye nokudluliswa kwedatha ezimbonini ezahlukahlukene.

5.Izihlungi ezibonakalayo: Ingilazi ebonakalayo isetshenziselwa ukwenza izihlungi zezinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana nokuthwebula izithombe, i-spectrophotometry, kanye nokulungiswa kombala.

6.Optoelectronics: Ama-glass opticalI-s isetshenziswa ekwakhiweni kwezinzwa zokukhanya, izibonisi, amaseli e-photovoltaic, namanye amadivayisi e-optoelectronic.

Lezi yizibonelo ezimbalwa nje zobubanzi bezicelo nezici zengilazi ekhanyayo. Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele ziyenza ibaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi embonini ye-optical.