Yintoni iglasi yamehlo?

Iglasi ye-Opticalluhlobo olukhethekileyo lweglasi eyenziwe ngobunjineli ngokukodwa kwaye yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zamehlo.Ineempawu ezizodwa kunye neempawu ezenza ukuba zilungele ukusetyenziswa kunye nokulawulwa kokukhanya, okwenza ukuba ukubunjwa kunye nohlalutyo lwemifanekiso ephezulu.

Ukuqulunqwa:

Iglasi yokukhanya yenziwe ikakhulu ngesilica (SiO₂) njengeyona nxalenye iphambili yokwenza iglasi, kunye nezinye iikhemikhali ezahlukeneyo, njengeboron, isodiyam, potassium, calcium, kunye nelothe.Ukudibanisa okuthe ngqo kunye nokugxininiswa kwezi zixhobo kumisela iimpawu ze-optical kunye ne-mechanical yeglasi.

Iinkcazelo Ngeempawu Zokubona:

1.Refractive Index:Iglasi ye-Optical ine-refractive index elawulwa kakuhle kwaye ilinganiswe ngokuchanekileyo.Isalathiso se-refractive sichaza indlela ukukhanya okugoba ngayo okanye ukuguqula isalathiso njengoko kudlula kwiglasi, kuchaphazela iimpawu zokukhanya kweelensi, iiprism, kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo.

2. Ukusasazwa:I-Dispersion ibhekiselele ekwahlukaneni kokukhanya kwinxalenye yemibala yayo okanye amaza obude njengoko idlula kwizinto eziphathekayo.Iglasi ye-Optical ingenziwa ubunjineli ukuba ibe neempawu ezithile zokusasazwa, evumela ukulungiswa kokuphambuka kwechromatic kwiinkqubo zokukhanya.

3.Ugqithiso:Iglasi ye-Opticalyenzelwe ukuba nokukhanya okuphezulu okubonakalayo, ukuvumela ukukhanya kudlule ngokufunxa okuncinci.Iglasi yenzelwe ukuba ibe namanqanaba aphantsi obumdaka kunye nemibala ukuze iphumeze ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya okugqwesileyo kuluhlu olufunekayo lwamaza.

Iglasi ye-Optical luhlobo olukhethekileyo lweglasi

Iinkcazelo ngoomatshini:

1.Optical Homogeneity:Iglasi ye-Optical yenziwe ukuba ibe ne-homogeneity ephezulu ye-optical, oku kuthetha ukuba ineempawu ezifanayo zokukhanya kuwo wonke umthamo wayo.Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni umgangatho womfanekiso kunye nokuphepha ukugqwetheka okubangelwa yiyantlukwano kwisalathiso se-refractive kuyo yonke into.

2.Uzinzo lweThermal:Iglasi ye-Optical ibonisa ukuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal, eyenza ukuba imelane notshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa ngaphandle kokwandiswa okukhulu okanye ukucutha.Oku kubalulekile ekugcineni ukusebenza kwe-optical ye-lens kunye namanye amacandelo optical phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo.

3.Amandla oomatshini:Ukusukela okoiglasi yamehloisoloko isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezichanekileyo ze-optical systems, kufuneka ibe namandla aneleyo omatshini ukuze imelane nokuphathwa kunye nokunyusa uxinzelelo ngaphandle kokuguqulwa okanye ukuphuka.Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqinisa, ezifana neekhemikhali okanye iinkqubo ze-thermal, zingasetyenziselwa ukuphucula iimpawu zayo zomatshini.

Iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kweglasi yokukhanya

Nazi ezinye iimpawu kunye nokusetyenziswa kweglasi yokukhanya:

Fezitya:

1.Ukungafihli:Iglasi ye-Optical inokukhanya okuphezulu ekukhanyeni okubonakalayo kunye namanye amaza amaza emitha ye-electromagnetic.Le propati ivumela ukuba idlulise ukukhanya ngokufanelekileyo ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka okubalulekileyo okanye ukusabalalisa.

2.Refractive Index:Iglasi ye-Optical inokuveliswa ngezalathisi ezicacileyo zokujonga.Le propati yenza ukulawula kunye nokuguqulwa kwemisebe yokukhanya, iyenze ilungele iilensi, iiprism, kunye nezinye izinto ezibonakalayo.

Iimpawu zeglasi ye-optical

3.Inombolo ka-Abbe:Inombolo ye-Abbe ilinganisa ukusasazwa kwezinto, ebonisa indlela amaza okukhanya ahlukeneyo asasazwa ngayo xa udlula kuyo.Iglasi ye-Optical inokulungiswa ukuba ibe namanani athile e-Abbe, evumela ulungiso olusebenzayo lwe-chromatic aberration kwiilensi.

4.Ukwandiswa kweThermal ephantsi:Iglasi ye-Optical ine-coefficient ephantsi yokwandiswa kwe-thermal, oku kuthetha ukuba ayinwebeki okanye iyancipha kakhulu ngotshintsho kwiqondo lokushisa.Le propati iqinisekisa ukuzinza kunye nokuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwiinkqubo ze-optical systems.

5.Uzinzo lweMichiza kunye neMechanical:Iglasi yokukhanya izinzile ngokwemichiza kunye noomatshini, iyenza ikwazi ukumelana nezinto ezisingqongileyo ezifana nokufuma, ukuguquguquka kobushushu, kunye noxinzelelo lomzimba.Oku kuqina kuqinisekisa ixesha elide kunye nokusebenza kwezixhobo ze-optical.

Usetyenziso:

Iglasi ye-Optical isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo, kubandakanya:

1.Iilensi zekhamera:Iglasi ye-Opticalyinxalenye ephambili ekwakhiweni kweelensi zekhamera, ukuvumela ukugxila ngokuchanekileyo, isisombululo somfanekiso, kunye nokuchaneka kombala.

2.Imakroskopu kunye neeteleskopu:Iglasi ye-Optical isetyenziselwa ukwenza iilensi, izibuko, iiprism, kunye namanye amacandelo kwiimicroscopes kunye neteleskopu, eyenza ukwandiswa kunye nokubonwa okucacileyo kwezinto.

3.Itekhnoloji yeLaser:Iglasi ye-Optical isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iikristale zelaser kunye neelensi, evumela ulawulo oluchanekileyo lwe-laser beam, ukubunjwa kwe-beam, kunye nokwahlulwa kwemiqadi.

Iglasi yokukhanya isetyenziselwa ukuvelisa iikristale zelaser

4.IFiber Optics: Imicu yeglasi ye-Optical isetyenziselwa ukuhambisa idatha yedijithali kwimigama emide ngesantya esiphezulu, ivumela unxibelelwano lwe-telecommunications, uqhagamshelo lwe-intanethi, kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedatha kumashishini ahlukeneyo.

5.Izihluzi zamehlo: Iglasi yokukhanya isetyenziselwa ukwenza izihluzi zezicelo ezinje ngefoto, i-spectrophotometry, kunye nokulungiswa kombala.

6.I-Optoelectronics: Iiglasi zamehloI-s isetyenziselwa ukwenziwa kwee-optical sensors, iziboniso, iiseli ze-photovoltaic, kunye nezinye izixhobo ze-optoelectronic.

Le yimizekelo embalwa yoluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo kunye neempawu zeglasi yeglasi.Iipropati zayo ezikhethekileyo zenza ukuba zibe yimfuneko kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino lwe-optical.