1. Chii chinonzi sensor ye "time-of-flight" (ToF)?

Chii chinonzi kamera inofamba nenguva yendege? Ndiyo kamera inotora kubhururuka kwendege here? Ine chekuita nendege here kana kuti ndege? Zviri kure chaizvo!

ToF inzira yekuyera nguva inotora chinhu, chidimbu kana mafungu kufamba daro. Waizviziva here kuti sisitimu ye sonar yemurungu inoshanda? Sisitimu yenguva yekubhururuka yakafanana!

Kune mhando dzakawanda dzemasensa enguva yekubhururuka, asi mazhinji acho makamera enguva yekubhururuka uye ma laser scanners, anoshandisa tekinoroji inonzi lidar (chiedza chekuona nekuyera) kuyera kudzika kwenzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mumufananidzo nekuubatidza nechiedza che infrared.

Data rinogadzirwa uye rinotorwa uchishandisa ToF sensors rinobatsira zvikuru sezvo richigona kuona vanhu vanofamba netsoka, kusimbisa mushandisi zvichibva pane zvinoonekwa pachiso, kugadzira nharaunda uchishandisa SLAM (simultaneous localization and mapping) algorithms, nezvimwewo.

Sisitimu iyi inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumarobhoti, mota dzinozvifambisa dzega, uye kunyange pari zvino pafoni yako. Semuenzaniso, kana uri kushandisa Huawei P30 Pro, Oppo RX17 Pro, LG G8 ThinQ, nezvimwewo, foni yako ine kamera yeToF!

Kamera yeToF

2. Sensor yekufamba kwenguva inoshanda sei?

Zvino, tinoda kupa sumo pfupi yekuti sensor yekufamba kwenguva chii uye kuti inoshanda sei.

ToFmasensa anoshandisa ma laser madiki kuburitsa chiedza che infrared, uko chiedza chinobuda chinobhururuka kubva pane chero chinhu chodzokera ku sensor. Zvichienderana nemusiyano wenguva pakati pekubuda kwechiedza nekudzoka ku sensor mushure mekuratidzwa nechinhu, sensor inogona kuyera daro riri pakati pechinhu ne sensor.

Nhasi, tichaongorora nzira mbiri idzo ToF inoshandisa nguva yekufamba kuona daro nekudzika: kushandisa nguva yekurova, uye kushandisa phase shifting yemafungu akagadziriswa e amplitude.

Shandisa pulses dzakarongwa nenguva

Semuenzaniso, inoshanda nekuvhenekesa chinangwa nelaser, yozoyera chiedza chinoratidzwa ne scanner, yozoshandisa kumhanya kwechiedza kutsanangura daro rechinhu kuti iverenge daro rakafambwa nemazvo. Pamusoro pezvo, musiyano wenguva yekudzoka nelaser uye urefu hwewavelength unobva washandiswa kugadzira mufananidzo wedhijitari we3D uye hunhu hwepamusoro hwechinangwa, uye kuratidza nemaziso hunhu hwacho hwega hwega.

Sezvamunoona pamusoro apa, chiedza chelaser chinobuda uye chobva chadzokera kuchinhu chacho ku sensor. Nenguva yekudzoka kwelaser, makamera eToF anokwanisa kuyera daro rakarurama munguva pfupi zvichitevera kumhanya kwekufamba kwechiedza. (ToF inoshandurwa kuita daro) Iyi ndiyo fomura inoshandiswa nemuongorori kuti asvike padaro chairo rechinhu:

(kumhanya kwechiedza x nguva yekubhururuka) / 2

ToF inoshandura kuita daro

Sezvamunoona, timer inotanga chiedza chadzimwa, uye kana mugamuchiri agamuchira chiedza chekudzosa, timer ichadzosa nguva. Pakubvisa kaviri, "nguva yekubhururuka" kwechiedza inowanikwa, uye kumhanya kwechiedza hakuchinji, saka daro rinogona kuverengwa zviri nyore uchishandisa fomura iri pamusoro. Nenzira iyi, mapoinzi ese ari pamusoro pechinhu anogona kutsanangurwa.

Shandisa phase shift yeAM wave

Tevere,ToFinogona zvakare kushandisa mafungu anoenderera mberi kuona kuchinja kwechikamu chechiedza chinoratidzwa kuti ione kudzika uye daro.

Kuchinja kwechikamu uchishandisa AM wave

Nekugadzirisa amplitude, inogadzira sinusoidal light source ine frequency inozivikanwa, zvichibvumira detector kuona phase shift yechiedza chinoratidzwa ichishandisa fomura inotevera:

apo c iri kumhanya kwechiedza (c = 3 × 10^8 m/s), λ iwavelength (λ = 15 m), uye f iri frequency, poindi yega yega iri pasensor inogona kuverengerwa zviri nyore zvakadzama.

Zvese izvi zvinoitika nekukurumidza sezvo tichishanda nekumhanya kwechiedza. Ungafungidzira here kunyatsojeka uye kumhanya kunokwanisa kuyera masensa? Regai ndipe muenzaniso, chiedza chinofamba nekumhanya kwemakiromita 300,000 pasekondi, kana chinhu chiri kure newe mamita mashanu, musiyano wenguva pakati pechiedza chinobva pakamera nekudzoka ungangoita 33 nanoseconds, izvo zvakaenzana ne0.0000000033 seconds! Wow! Tisingatauri, data rakatorwa richakupa mufananidzo we3D wedhijitari chaiwo wepikisiki yega yega iri mumufananidzo.

Pasinei nepfungwa inoshandiswa, kupa chiedza chinovhenekera nzvimbo yese kunobvumira sensor kuona kudzika kwemapoinzi ese. Mhedzisiro yakadaro inokupa mepu yekureba uko pixel yega yega inovhara daro kuenda kunzvimbo inoenderana neiyo nzvimbo. Muenzaniso wegirafu yeToF range:

Muenzaniso wegirafu yeToF range

Zvino zvatava kuziva kuti ToF inoshanda, sei yakanaka? Sei tichifanira kuishandisa? Chii chakanakira? Musazvidya mwoyo, kune zvakawanda zvakanakira kushandisa ToF sensor, asi zvechokwadi pane zvimwe zvisingakwanisike.

3. Mabhenefiti ekushandisa masensa enguva yekubhururuka

Kuyera kwakarurama uye nekukurumidza

Zvichienzaniswa nemamwe masensa ekureba akadai se ultrasound kana lasers, masensa enguva yekubhururuka anokwanisa kugadzira mufananidzo we3D wechiitiko nekukurumidza. Semuenzaniso, kamera yeToF inogona kuita izvi kamwe chete. Kwete izvozvo chete, sensor yeToF inokwanisa kuona zvinhu nemazvo munguva pfupi uye haikanganisirwi nehunyoro, kumanikidzwa kwemhepo uye tembiricha, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kushandiswa mukati nekunze.

daro refu

Sezvo maToF sensors achishandisa malaser, anokwanisawo kuyera daro refu uye daro nemazvo. MaToF sensors anochinjika nekuti anokwanisa kuona zvinhu zviri pedyo nekure zvemhando dzese nehukuru hwese.

Inochinjikawo nekuti unokwanisa kugadzirisa ma optics esystem kuti ishande zvakanaka, kwaunogona kusarudza mhando dze transmitter ne receiver nema lenses kuti uwane maonero aunoda.

Kuchengetedzeka

Ndanetseka kuti laser kubva kuToFSensor ichakuvadza maziso ako here? usazvidya moyo! MaSensor mazhinji eToF ikozvino anoshandisa laser ine simba shoma senzira yechiedza uye anoifambisa nemodulated pulses. Sensor iyi inosangana nemazinga ekuchengetedza eLaser yeClass 1 kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti yakachengeteka kumaziso emunhu.

inoshanda pamutengo wakaderera

Zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe tekinoroji dze3D depth range scanning dzakadai se structured light camera systems kana laser rangefinders, ToF sensors dzakachipa zvikuru kana tichidzienzanisa nadzo.

Pasinei nemiganhu yese iyi, ToF ichiri yakavimbika uye inzira inokurumidza yekutora ruzivo rwe3D.

4. Miganhu yeToF

Kunyangwe ToF ine mabhenefiti akawanda, inewo miganhu. Zvimwe zvezvipingamupinyi zveToF zvinosanganisira:

• Chiedza chakapararira

Kana nzvimbo dzakapenya zvikuru dziri pedyo neToF sensor yako, dzinogona kuparadzira chiedza chakawandisa mureceiver yako uye kugadzira zvinhu zvitsva uye kuratidzira kusingadiwe, sezvo ToF sensor yako inongoda kuratidza chiedza kana chiyero chagadzirira.

• Kufungisisa kwakawanda

Kana uchishandisa masensa eToF pamakona uye maumbirwo akakombama, anogona kukonzera kupenya kusingadiwe, sezvo chiedza chinogona kubhururuka kakawanda, zvichikanganisa chiyero.

• Chiedza chiri munzvimbo yakapoteredza

Kushandisa kamera yeToF panze muchiedza chezuva chakajeka kunogona kuita kuti kushandiswa kwekunze kuve kwakaoma. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuwanda kwechiedza chezuva zvichiita kuti mapikiseti e sensor anyatso nyura, zvichiita kuti zvisakwanise kuona chiedza chaicho chinoratidzwa kubva pachinhu chacho.

• Mhedziso

masensa eToF uyeLenzi yeToFinogona kushandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana siyana. Kubva pa3D Mepu, Industrial Automation, Obstacle Detection, Mota Dzinozvifambisa, Kurima, Robotics, Indoor Navigation, Gesture Recognition, Object Scanning, Measurements, Surveillance kusvika Augmented Reality! Mashandisirwo eToF technology haana magumo.

Munogona kutibata kana muchida malenzi eToF.

Chuang An Optoelectronics inotarisa pamalenzi emaziso ane tsananguro yepamusoro kuti igadzire chiratidzo chakanaka chekuona

Chuang An Optoelectronics ikozvino yakagadzira mhando dzakasiyana dzezvigadzirwaMagirazi eTOFzvakaita se:

CH3651A f3.6mm F1.2 1/2″ IR850nm

CH3651B f3.6mm F1.2 1/2″ IR940nm

CH3652A f3.3mm F1.1 1/3″ IR850nm

CH3652B f3.3mm F1.1 1/3″ IR940nm

CH3653A f3.9mm F1.1 1/3″ IR850nm

CH3653B f3.9mm F1.1 1/3″ IR940nm

CH3654A f5.0mm F1.1 1/3″ IR850nm

CH3654B f5.0mm F1.1 1/3″ IR940nm