Ib, Lub sijhawm ntawm lub koob yees duab ya dav hlau yog dab tsi?

Lub koob yees duab Time-of-flight (ToF) yog ib hom thev naus laus zis uas ntsuas qhov deb ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab cov khoom hauv qhov chaw los ntawm kev siv lub sijhawm uas lub teeb siv los mus rau cov khoom thiab rov qab mus rau lub koob yees duab. Lawv feem ntau siv rau hauv ntau yam kev siv xws li augmented reality, robotics, 3D scanning, gesture recognition, thiab ntau ntxiv.

Cov koob yees duab ToFua haujlwm los ntawm kev tso tawm lub teeb liab, feem ntau yog lub teeb infrared, thiab ntsuas lub sijhawm uas lub teeb liab yuav rov qab los tom qab tsoo cov khoom hauv qhov chaw. Qhov kev ntsuas lub sijhawm no ces siv los xam qhov deb ntawm cov khoom, tsim daim ntawv qhia tob lossis daim duab 3D ntawm qhov chaw.

Lub sijhawm ntawm cov koob yees duab ya dav hlau

Piv rau lwm yam thev naus laus zis uas ntsuas qhov tob xws li lub teeb pom kev zoo lossis lub zeem muag stereo, ToF koob yees duab muaj ntau qhov zoo. Lawv muab cov ntaub ntawv qhov tob tiag tiag, muaj tus qauv yooj yim, thiab tuaj yeem ua haujlwm hauv ntau yam teeb pom kev zoo. ToF koob yees duab kuj tseem me me thiab tuaj yeem koom ua ke rau hauv cov khoom siv me me xws li smartphones, ntsiav tshuaj, thiab cov khoom siv hnav tau.

Cov ntawv thov ntawm ToF lub koob yees duab muaj ntau yam. Hauv qhov tseeb augmented, ToF lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem ntes tau qhov tob ntawm cov khoom thiab txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm cov khoom virtual uas muab tso rau hauv lub ntiaj teb tiag. Hauv robotics, lawv ua rau cov neeg hlau pom lawv ib puag ncig thiab taug kev cov teeb meem zoo dua. Hauv 3D scanning, ToF lub koob yees duab tuaj yeem ntes tau sai sai geometry ntawm cov khoom lossis ib puag ncig rau ntau lub hom phiaj xws li virtual reality, kev ua si, lossis 3D luam ntawv. Lawv kuj tseem siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov biometric, xws li kev paub lub ntsej muag lossis kev paub tes taw.

二,Cov Cheebtsam ntawm lub sijhawm ntawm lub koob yees duab ya dav hlau

Lub koob yees duab Time-of-Flight (ToF)muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb uas ua haujlwm ua ke los pab kom paub qhov tob thiab ntsuas qhov deb. Cov khoom tshwj xeeb yuav txawv nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim thiab chaw tsim khoom, tab sis ntawm no yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv ToF lub koob yees duab systems:

Lub Teeb Ci:

Cov koob yees duab ToF siv lub teeb los tso tawm lub teeb, feem ntau yog lub teeb infrared (IR). Lub teeb tuaj yeem yog LED (Light-Emitting Diode) lossis laser diode, nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim ntawm lub koob yees duab. Lub teeb uas tso tawm mus rau cov khoom hauv qhov chaw.

Kev Pom Kev:

Ib lub lens sau cov teeb ci uas cuam tshuam thiab thaij duab ib puag ncig rau ntawm lub sensor duab (focal plane array). Lub lim dej optical band-pass tsuas yog hla lub teeb nrog tib lub wavelength li lub illumination unit. Qhov no pab tswj lub teeb uas tsis cuam tshuam thiab txo cov suab nrov.

Duab sensor:

Qhov no yog lub plawv ntawm lub koob yees duab TOF. Txhua lub pixel ntsuas lub sijhawm uas lub teeb tau siv los mus ncig los ntawm lub chaw teeb pom kev zoo (laser lossis LED) mus rau qhov khoom thiab rov qab mus rau qhov chaw focal plane array.

Lub sijhawm Circuit Court:

Yuav kom ntsuas tau lub sijhawm ya raws li qhov tseeb, lub koob yees duab xav tau lub sijhawm circuitry kom raug. Lub circuitry no tswj qhov kev tso tawm ntawm lub teeb liab thiab ntes lub sijhawm uas lub teeb siv los mus rau cov khoom thiab rov qab mus rau lub koob yees duab. Nws sib dhos cov txheej txheem tso tawm thiab kev ntes kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev ntsuas qhov deb yog qhov tseeb.

Kev Hloov Kho:

Qee yamCov koob yees duab ToFsiv cov txheej txheem modulation los txhim kho qhov tseeb thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm kev ntsuas qhov deb. Cov koob yees duab no modulate lub teeb liab uas tawm los nrog ib qho qauv lossis zaus tshwj xeeb. Qhov modulation pab cais qhov sib txawv ntawm lub teeb tawm los ntawm lwm qhov chaw teeb pom kev zoo thiab txhim kho lub koob yees duab lub peev xwm los sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib txawv hauv qhov chaw.

Kev suav qhov tob Algorithm:

Yuav kom hloov cov kev ntsuas lub sijhawm ntawm kev ya mus ua cov ntaub ntawv tob, ToF lub koob yees duab siv cov algorithms zoo heev. Cov algorithms no tshuaj xyuas cov ntaub ntawv lub sijhawm tau txais los ntawm lub photodetector thiab xam qhov deb ntawm lub koob yees duab thiab cov khoom hauv qhov chaw. Cov algorithms xam qhov tob feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev them nyiaj rau cov yam xws li qhov ceev ntawm lub teeb kis, lub sijhawm teb ntawm sensor, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm lub teeb ib puag ncig.

Cov Ntaub Ntawv Qhov Tob:

Thaum ua tiav qhov kev xam qhov tob, lub koob yees duab ToF muab cov ntaub ntawv qhov tob tso tawm. Cov zis no tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv qhia qhov tob, huab cua, lossis 3D sawv cev ntawm qhov chaw. Cov ntaub ntawv qhov tob tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov ntawv thov thiab cov txheej txheem los ua kom muaj ntau yam kev ua haujlwm xws li kev taug qab khoom, kev muaj tiag ntxiv, lossis kev tsav tsheb robotic.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias qhov kev siv tshwj xeeb thiab cov khoom ntawm ToF koob yees duab tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom thiab cov qauv sib txawv. Kev nce qib hauv thev naus laus zis yuav ua rau muaj cov yam ntxwv ntxiv thiab kev txhim kho kom txhim kho kev ua tau zoo thiab peev xwm ntawm ToF koob yees duab systems.

︉ 、 Daim ntawv thov

Cov ntawv thov tsheb

Cov koob yees duab sijhawm ya dav hlausiv rau hauv kev pabcuam thiab kev nyab xeeb rau cov ntawv thov tsheb siab heev xws li kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg taug kev, kev kuaj pom ua ntej sib tsoo thiab cov ntawv thov sab hauv tsev xws li kev kuaj pom tawm ntawm qhov chaw (OOP).

Kev siv cov koob yees duab ToF

Kev sib txuas lus ntawm tib neeg thiab tshuab thiab kev ua si

As cov koob yees duab lub sijhawm ya dav hlaumuab cov duab deb ntawm lub sijhawm tiag tiag, nws yooj yim los taug qab kev txav mus los ntawm tib neeg. Qhov no tso cai rau kev sib cuam tshuam tshiab nrog cov khoom siv xws li TV. Lwm lub ntsiab lus yog siv hom koob yees duab no los sib cuam tshuam nrog kev ua si ntawm cov yeeb yaj kiab ua si. Lub cim Kinect tiam thib ob uas tau suav nrog Xbox One console siv lub koob yees duab lub sijhawm ya rau nws cov duab ntau yam, ua rau cov neeg siv interfaces thiab cov ntawv thov kev ua si siv lub computer pom thiab cov txheej txheem paub txog kev taw qhia.

Creative thiab Intel kuj muab ib hom koob yees duab sib tham sib xws uas siv lub sijhawm ya dav hlau rau kev ua si, Senz3D raws li lub koob yees duab DepthSense 325 ntawm Softkinetic. Infineon thiab PMD Technologies ua rau muaj cov koob yees duab me me 3D sib xyaw ua ke rau kev tswj hwm lub cev ze ntawm cov khoom siv xws li all-in-one PCs thiab laptops (Picco flexx thiab Picco monstar cameras).

Kev siv cov koob yees duab ToF hauv kev ua si

Cov koob yees duab ntawm xov tooj ntse

Muaj ntau lub xov tooj ntse muaj cov koob yees duab uas thaij tau lub sijhawm. Cov no feem ntau yog siv los txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov duab los ntawm kev muab cov ntaub ntawv hais txog pem hauv ntej thiab tom qab rau cov software koob yees duab. Lub xov tooj ntawm tes thawj zaug siv cov thev naus laus zis no yog LG G3, uas tau tso tawm thaum ntxov xyoo 2014.

Kev siv cov koob yees duab ToF hauv xov tooj ntawm tes

Kev ntsuas thiab kev pom ntawm lub tshuab

Lwm cov ntawv thov yog cov haujlwm ntsuas, piv txwv li rau qhov siab ntawm cov khoom hauv silos. Hauv kev pom kev siv tshuab hauv kev lag luam, lub koob yees duab lub sijhawm ya dav hlau pab cais thiab nrhiav cov khoom rau cov neeg hlau siv, xws li cov khoom hla dhau ntawm lub tshuab xa khoom. Cov kev tswj qhov rooj tuaj yeem paub qhov txawv ntawm cov tsiaj thiab tib neeg uas ncav cuag qhov rooj tau yooj yim.

Kev siv neeg hlau

Lwm qhov kev siv cov koob yees duab no yog thaj chaw ntawm kev ua neeg hlau: Cov neeg hlau txawb tuaj yeem tsim daim ntawv qhia ntawm lawv ib puag ncig sai heev, ua rau lawv zam kev cuam tshuam lossis ua raws li tus neeg ua thawj coj. Vim tias kev xam qhov deb yooj yim, tsuas yog siv lub zog xam me me xwb. Vim tias cov koob yees duab no kuj siv tau los ntsuas qhov deb, cov pab pawg rau FIRST Robotics Competition tau paub tias siv cov khoom siv rau kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej.

Kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm lub ntiaj teb

Cov koob yees duab ToFtau siv los tau txais cov qauv digital ntawm lub ntiaj teb qhov chaw topography, rau kev kawm hauv geomorphology.

Daim ntawv thov ntawm ToF koob yees duab hauv geomorphology