Izinto zepulasitiki kanye nokubumba ngomjovo kuyisisekelo samalensi amancane. Isakhiwo selensi yepulasitiki sihlanganisa izinto zelensi, umgqomo webhulukwe, indawo yokufaka ilensi, i-spacer, ishidi lomthunzi, izinto zendandatho yokucindezela, njll.

Kunezinhlobo eziningana zezinto zelensi zamalensi epulasitiki, zonke eziyipulasitiki (i-polymer ephezulu yamamolekyuli). Ziyi-thermoplastics, amapulasitiki athambisa futhi abe yipulasitiki uma eshiswa, aqine uma epholile, futhi athambise uma eshiswa futhi. Ushintsho olubonakalayo olukhiqiza ushintsho oluguquguqukayo phakathi kwezimo zoketshezi neziqinile kusetshenziswa ukushisa nokupholisa. Ezinye izinto zasungulwa ngaphambilini kanti ezinye zintsha kakhulu. Ezinye ziyipulasitiki ezisetshenziswa ngokujwayelekile, kanti ezinye izinto ziyizinto zepulasitiki ezibonakalayo ezithuthukiswe ngokukhethekile, ezisetshenziswa kakhulu kwezinye izinkambu ze-optical.

Ekuklanyweni kwe-optical, singabona amazinga ezinto ezibonakalayo ezinkampanini ezahlukahlukene, njenge-EP8000, K26R, APL5015, OKP-1 njalo njalo. Zonke zingezohlobo oluthile lwezinto zepulasitiki, futhi izinhlobo ezilandelayo zivamile kakhulu, futhi sizozihlela ngokwesikhathi sokubonakala kwazo:

Amalensi epulasitiki

• l PMMA/Acrylic:I-Poly (methyl methacrylate), i-polymethyl methacrylate (plexiglass, acrylic). Ngenxa yentengo yayo eshibhile, ukudlulisa okuphezulu, kanye namandla aphezulu okusebenza, i-PMMA iyindawo evame kakhulu yokufaka esikhundleni sengilazi empilweni. Iningi lamapulasitiki abonakalayo enziwe nge-PMMA, njengezingqwembe ezikhanyayo, izipuni ezikhanyayo, nama-LED amancane, ilensi njll. I-PMMA ibilokhu ikhiqizwa ngobuningi kusukela ngawo-1930.
• I-PS:I-Polystyrene, i-polystyrene, iyi-thermoplastic engenambala futhi esobala, kanye nepulasitiki yobunjiniyela, eyaqala ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi ngawo-1930. Amabhokisi amaningi e-foam amhlophe namabhokisi okudla kwasemini avamile ezimpilweni zethu enziwe ngezinto ze-PS.
• I-PC:I-Polycarbonate, i-polycarbonate, nayo iyi-thermoplastic engenambala futhi esobala, futhi iyipulasitiki esetshenziswa kabanzi. Yasungulwa ngezimboni kuphela ngawo-1960. Ukumelana nokushayisana kwezinto ze-PC kuhle kakhulu, ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kufaka phakathi amabhakede okuhambisa amanzi, ama-goggles, njll.
• l I-COP kanye ne-COC:I-Cyclic olefin Polymer (COP), i-Cyclic olefin polymer; I-Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) I-Cyclic olefin copolymer, iyinto ye-polymer esobala engabonakali enesakhiwo sendandatho, enezibopho ezimbili ze-carbon-carbon endandathoni. Ama-hydrocarbon ajikelezayo enziwe ngama-cyclic olefin monomers nge-self-polymerization (COP) noma i-copolymerization (COC) namanye ama-molecule (njenge-ethylene). Izici ze-COP ne-COC zicishe zifane. Lokhu kwaziswa kusha. Lapho kusungulwa okokuqala, kwakucatshangelwa kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlobene ne-optical. Manje isetshenziswa kabanzi embonini yamafilimu, ilensi ye-optical, ukubonisa, izimboni zezokwelapha (amabhodlela okupakisha). I-COP yaqeda ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni cishe ngo-1990, kanti i-COC yaqeda ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni ngaphambi kuka-2000.
• l O-PET:I-O-PET, i-polyester optical polyester fiber, yathengiswa e-Osaka ngawo-2010.

Uma sihlaziya izinto ezibonakalayo, sikhathalela kakhulu izakhiwo zazo ezibonakalayo nezomshini.

I-p ye-Opticalama-roperties

• Inkomba Yokubuka Nokuhlakazeka

Inkomba yokubuka kanye nokuhlakazeka

Kungabonakala kulo mdwebo ofingqiwe ukuthi izinto ezahlukene zepulasitiki ezibonakalayo zihlukaniswa ngezikhawu ezimbili: iqembu elilodwa linenkomba ephezulu yokukhanya kanye nokusabalala okuphezulu; elinye iqembu linenkomba ephansi yokukhanya kanye nokusabalala okuphansi. Uma siqhathanisa ububanzi bokukhetha benkomba yokukhanya kanye nokusabalala kwezinto zengilazi, sizothola ukuthi ububanzi bokukhetha benkomba yokukhanya kwezinto zepulasitiki buncane kakhulu, futhi zonke izinto zepulasitiki ezibonakalayo zinenkomba yokukhanya ephansi. Ngokuvamile, ububanzi bezinketho zezinto zepulasitiki buncane, futhi kunezinhlobo zezinto zezentengiselwano ezingaba yi-10 kuya kwezingama-20 kuphela, okunciphisa kakhulu inkululeko yokuklama ukukhanya ngokwezinto zokwakha.

Inkomba yokubuka iyahlukahluka ngobude be-wavelength: Inkomba yokubuka yezinto zepulasitiki ezibonakalayo iyanda ngobude be-wavelength, inkomba yokubuka iyancipha kancane, kanti konke kuzinzile.

Inkomba yokuhombisa iyashintsha ngokushisa kwe-Dn/DT: I-coefficient yokushisa yenkomba yokuhombisa yamapulasitiki abonakalayo inkulu ngokuphindwe ka-6 kuya ku-50 kuneyengilazi, okuyinani elibi, okusho ukuthi njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, inkomba yokuhombisa iyancipha. Isibonelo, kubude be-wavelength obungu-546nm, -20°C kuya ku-40°C, inani le-dn/dT lezinto zepulasitiki lingu--8 kuya ku--15X10^–5/°C, kuyilapho ngokuphambene nalokho, inani lezinto zengilazi i-NBK7 lingu-3X10^–6/°C.

• Ukudluliselwa

Ukudluliselwa

Uma sibheka lesi sithombe, iningi lamapulasitiki abonakalayo linokudlulisa okungaphezu kuka-90% ebhendini yokukhanya ebonakalayo; futhi linokudlulisa okuhle kwamabhande e-infrared angu-850nm no-940nm, avame kakhulu kuma-electronics asetshenziswa ngabathengi. Ukudlulisa kwezinto zepulasitiki nakho kuzoncipha ngezinga elithile ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ipulasitiki imunca imisebe ye-ultraviolet elangeni, futhi uchungechunge lwama-molecule luyaphuka ukuze lonakale futhi luxhumane, okuholela ezinguqukweni zezakhiwo zomzimba nezamakhemikhali. Ukubonakaliswa okusobala kakhulu kwe-macroscopic ukuphuzi kwezinto zepulasitiki.

• Ukucindezeleka

Ukuboniswa Kwelensi

I-stress birefringence (i-Birefringence) iyimpahla ebonakalayo yezinto zokwakha. Inkomba yokukhanya kwezinto zokwakha ihlobene nesimo sokukhanya kanye nesiqondiso sokusabalala kokukhanya kwesigameko. Izinto zibonisa izinkomba ezahlukene zokukhanya kwezimo ezahlukene zokukhanya. Kwezinye izinhlelo, lokhu kuphambuka kwenkomba yokukhanya kuncane kakhulu futhi akunawo umthelela omkhulu ohlelweni, kodwa kwezinye izinhlelo ezikhethekile zokukhanya, lokhu kuphambuka kwanele ukubangela ukuwohloka okukhulu kokusebenza kohlelo.

Izinto zepulasitiki ngokwazo azinazo izici ze-anisotropic, kodwa ukubumba ngemijovo yamapulasitiki kuzoletha i-birefringence yokucindezeleka. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukucindezeleka okwethulwa ngesikhathi sokubumba ngemijovo kanye nokuhlelwa kwama-macromolecule epulasitiki ngemva kokupholisa. Ukucindezeleka ngokuvamile kugxile eduze kwembobo yokumba, njengoba kuboniswe esithombeni esingezansi.

Umgomo wokuklama nokukhiqiza ojwayelekile ukunciphisa i-stress birefringence endizeni esebenzayo ye-optical, okudinga ukwakheka okunengqondo kwesakhiwo selensi, isikhunta sokubumba umjovo kanye nemingcele yokukhiqiza. Phakathi kwezinto eziningana, izinto ze-PC zithambekele kakhulu kwi-stress birefringence (cishe izikhathi eziyi-10 kunezinto ze-PMMA), kanti izinto ze-COP, COC, kanye ne-PMMA zine-stress birefringence ephansi.