一、Inowanzo shandiswa sub-division scheme ye infrared

Imwe inowanzo shandiswa sub-division scheme ye infrared (IR) radiation yakavakirwa pawavelength renji.Iyo IR spectrum inowanzogoverwa mumatunhu anotevera:

Pedyo-infrared (NIR):Iyi nharaunda inotangira pa700 nanometers (nm) kusvika 1.4 micrometers (μm) muwavelength.NIR mwaranzi inowanzo shandiswa mukunzwa kure, fiber optic telecommunication nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwakaderera mugirazi yeSiO2 (silica) yepakati.Image intensifiers inonzwa kune iyi nzvimbo ye spectrum;mienzaniso inosanganisira michina yekuona husiku senge magirazi ekuona husiku.Pedyo-infrared spectroscopy ndechimwe chiitiko chinozivikanwa.

Short-wavelength infrared (SWIR):Iyo inozivikanwawo se "shortwave infrared" kana "SWIR" dunhu, inotambanuka kubva pa1.4 μm kusvika 3 μm.SWIR radiation inowanzo shandiswa mukufungidzira, kuongorora, uye spectroscopy application.

Mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR):Dunhu reMWIR rinotambanuka kubva pa3 μm kusvika pa8 μm.Rudzi urwu runowanzo shandiswa mukufungidzira kwekupisa, kutariswa kwemauto, uye masisitimu ekuona gasi.

Yakareba-wavelength infrared (LWIR):Iyo LWIR dunhu inovhara wavelengths kubva kutenderera 8 μm kusvika 15 μm.Inowanzoshandiswa mukufungidzira kwekupisa, maitiro ekuona usiku, uye zviyero zvekushisa zvisingabatanidzi.

Far-infrared (FIR):Iyi nharaunda inotambanuka kubva painoda kusvika 15 μm kusvika 1 millimeter (mm) muwavelength.FIR mwaranzi inowanzoshandiswa mukuongorora nyeredzi, kuona kure, uye mamwe maapplication ekurapa.

Wavelength range diagram

NIR neSWIR pamwe chete dzimwe nguva inodaidzwa kuti "reflected infrared", nepo MWIR neLWIR dzimwe nguva zvichinzi "thermal infrared".

二、 Zvishandiso zve infrared

Chiratidzo cheusiku

Infrared (IR) inoita basa rakakosha mumidziyo yekuona husiku, ichigonesa kutariswa uye kuona kwezvinhu munzvimbo dzakadzika-mwenje kana dzakasviba.Chinyakare chifananidzo chekuwedzera maturusi ekuona husiku, senge magirazi ekuona husiku kana monoculars, anosimudzira iripo ambient mwenje, kusanganisira chero IR mwaranzi iripo.Midziyo iyi inoshandisa photocathode kushandura mafotoni anouya, anosanganisira IR mafotoni, kuita maerekitironi.Maerekitironi anobva akwidziridzwa uye anokwidziridzwa kugadzira mufananidzo unooneka.Mainfrared illuminators, ayo anoburitsa IR mwenje, anowanzo sanganiswa mumidziyo iyi kuti awedzere kuoneka murima rakazara kana pasi-mwenje mamiriro apo ambient IR mwaranzi haina kukwana.

Low light environment

Thermography

Infrared radiation inogona kushandiswa kuona kure kure tembiricha yezvinhu (kana emissivity ichizivikanwa).Izvi zvinodaidzwa kunzi thermography, kana kune zvinhu zvinopisa zvakanyanya muNIR kana zvinoonekwa zvinodaidzwa kuti pyrometry.Thermography (thermal imaging) inonyanya kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwechiuto nemaindasitiri asi tekinoroji iri kusvika kumusika weveruzhinji nenzira yemakamera e infrared pamota nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwakanyanya mitengo yekugadzira.

Thermal imaging applications

Infrared radiation inogona kushandiswa kuona kure kure tembiricha yezvinhu (kana emissivity ichizivikanwa).Izvi zvinodaidzwa kunzi thermography, kana kune zvinhu zvinopisa zvakanyanya muNIR kana zvinoonekwa zvinodaidzwa kuti pyrometry.Thermography (thermal imaging) inonyanya kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwechiuto nemaindasitiri asi tekinoroji iri kusvika kumusika weveruzhinji nenzira yemakamera e infrared pamota nekuda kwekudzikiswa kwakanyanya mitengo yekugadzira.

Thermographic makamera anoona mwaranzi mu infrared renji ye electromagnetic spectrum (inoda kusvika 9,000–14,000 nanometers kana 9–14 μm) uye anoburitsa mifananidzo yemwaranzi iyoyo.Sezvo mwaranzi yeinfrared ichibudiswa nezvinhu zvose zvinoenderana netembiricha yazvo, maererano nemutemo wemwaranzi yeblack-body, thermography inoita kuti zvibvire “kuona” mhoteredzo yomunhu ine kana kuti isina chiedza chinooneka.Huwandu hwemwaranzi inoburitswa nechinhu hunowedzera nekudziya, saka thermography inobvumira munhu kuona kusiyana kwekushisa.