一、Sekema sa karohano ea infrared se sebelisoang hangata

Sekema se seng se sebelisoang hangata sa karohano ea mahlaseli a infrared (IR) se ipapisitse le leqhubu la maqhubu.IR spectrum hangata e arotsoe ka libaka tse latelang:

Haufi le infrared (NIR):Sebaka sena se tloha ho hoo e ka bang 700 nanometers (nm) ho isa ho 1.4 micrometer (μm) ka bolelele ba maqhubu.Mahlaseli a NIR hangata a sebelisoa ho remote sensing, fiber optic telecommunication ka lebaka la tahlehelo e tlase ea likhalase tsa SiO2 (silica) medium.Li-intensifiers tsa litšoantšo li na le kutloelo-bohloko sebakeng sena sa marang-rang;mehlala e kenyelletsa lisebelisoa tsa pono ea bosiu joalo ka likhalase tsa pono bosiu.Near-infrared spectroscopy ke ts'ebeliso e 'ngoe e tloaelehileng.

Short-wavelength infrared (SWIR):E boetse e tsejoa e le sebaka sa "shortwave infrared" kapa "SWIR", e tloha ho 1.4 μm ho isa ho 3 μm.Mahlaseli a SWIR a atisa ho sebelisoa litšoantšong, ho lebela, le lits'ebetsong tsa spectroscopy.

Mid-wavelength infrared (MWIR):Sebaka sa MWIR se tloha ho hoo e ka bang 3 μm ho isa ho 8 μm.Lethathamo lena hangata le sebelisoa litšoantšong tse futhumatsang, ho shebisisa sesole, le lits'ebetsong tsa ho bona khase.

Long-wavelength infrared (LWIR):Sebaka sa LWIR se akaretsa bolelele ba maqhubu ho tloha ho 8 μm ho isa ho 15 μm.E atisa ho sebelisoa litšoantšong tsa mocheso, tsamaiso ea pono ea bosiu, le litekanyo tsa mocheso tse sa amaneng le motho.

Far-infrared (FIR):Sebaka sena se tloha ho hoo e ka bang 15 μm ho ea ho 1 millimeter (mm) ka bolelele ba maqhubu.Hangata mahlaseli a MOLEMO a sebelisoa ho bolepi ba linaleli, ho lemoha ka thōko, le lits'ebetsong tse itseng tsa bongaka.

Setšoantšo sa marang-rang sa wavelength

NIR le SWIR hammoho ka linako tse ling li bitsoa "reflected infrared", athe MWIR le LWIR ka linako tse ling li bitsoa "thermal infrared".

二、 Lisebelisoa tsa infrared

Pono ya bosiu

Infrared (IR) e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa lisebelisoa tsa pono ea bosiu, e nolofalletsang ho lemoha le ho bona lintho tse sebakeng se lefifi kapa se lefifi.Lisebelisoa tsa setso tse matlafatsang pono ea bosiu, joalo ka likhalase tsa mahlo tsa bosiu kapa li-monoculars, li holisa leseli le teng, ho kenyelletsa le mahlaseli afe kapa afe a IR a teng.Lisebelisoa tsena li sebelisa photocathode ho fetolela li-photon tse kenang, ho kenyeletsa le li-photon tsa IR, li-electrone.Joale lielektrone li potlakisoa le ho holisoa ho etsa setšoantšo se bonahalang.Li-infrared illuminators, tse hlahisang leseli la IR, hangata li kopantsoe le lisebelisoa tsena ho ntlafatsa ponahalo lefifing le felletseng kapa maemong a leseli le tlase moo mahlaseli a IR a sa lekaneng.

Tikoloho e tlase ea khanya

Thermography

Mahlaseli a infrared a ka sebelisoa ho fumana hore na mocheso oa lintho o hole hakae (haeba ho tsejoa hore ho na le mocheso o tsoang ho eona).Sena se bitsoa thermography, kapa tabeng ea lintho tse chesang haholo ho NIR kapa tse bonahalang li bitsoa pyrometry.Thermography (maiging ea mocheso) e sebelisoa haholo ts'ebetsong ea sesole le indastering empa theknoloji e fihla 'marakeng oa sechaba ka mokhoa oa lik'hamera tsa infrared likoloing ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse fokotsehileng haholo tsa tlhahiso.

Lisebelisoa tsa ho nka litšoantšo ka mocheso

Mahlaseli a infrared a ka sebelisoa ho fumana hore na mocheso oa lintho o hole hakae (haeba ho tsejoa hore ho na le mocheso o tsoang ho eona).Sena se bitsoa thermography, kapa tabeng ea lintho tse chesang haholo ho NIR kapa tse bonahalang li bitsoa pyrometry.Thermography (maiging ea mocheso) e sebelisoa haholo ts'ebetsong ea sesole le indastering empa theknoloji e fihla 'marakeng oa sechaba ka mokhoa oa lik'hamera tsa infrared likoloing ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse fokotsehileng haholo tsa tlhahiso.

Lik'hamera tsa Thermographic li bona mahlaseli sebakeng sa infrared tsa mahlaseli a motlakase (hoo e ka bang 9,000-14,000 nanometers kapa 9-14 μm) 'me li hlahisa litšoantšo tsa mahlaseli ao.Kaha mahlaseli a infrared a hlahisoa ke lintho tsohle tse thehiloeng mochesong oa tsona, ho latela molao oa mahlaseli a ’mele o motšo, thermography e etsa hore ho khonehe ho “bona” tikoloho ea motho ka khanya kapa ntle ho eona.Palo ea mahlaseli a hlahisoang ke ntho e eketseha ka mocheso, kahoo thermography e lumella motho ho bona phapang ea mocheso.

Litšoantšo tsa hyperspectral

Setšoantšo sa hyperspectral ke "setšoantšo" se nang le ponahalo e tsoelang pele ho pholletsa le mefuta e mengata ea spectral ho pixel ka 'ngoe.Ho nahana ka hyperspectral ho ntse ho tsoela pele ho ba le bohlokoa tšimong ea spectroscopy e sebelisoang haholo-holo ka libaka tsa pono tsa NIR, SWIR, MWIR, le LWIR.Lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng li kenyelletsa litekanyo tsa baeloji, tsa mineralogical, tsa ts'ireletso le tsa indasteri.

Setšoantšo sa hyperspectral

Thermal infrared hyperspectral imaging e ka etsoa ka mokhoa o ts'oanang ho sebelisoa khamera ea thermographic, ka phapang ea mantlha ea hore pixel ka 'ngoe e na le sebono se felletseng sa LWIR.Ka lebaka leo, tlhahiso ea lik'hemik'hale ea ntho e ka etsoa ntle le tlhokahalo ea mohloli oa leseli o ka ntle o kang Letsatsi kapa Khoeli.Likh'amera tse joalo hangata li sebelisoa bakeng sa litekanyo tsa jeoloji, tlhahlobo ea kantle le lits'ebetso tsa UAV.

Ho futhumatsa

Ka sebele mahlaseli a infrared (IR) a ka sebelisoa e le mohloli oa ho futhumatsa ka boomo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.Sena se bakoa haholo-holo ke bokhoni ba mahlaseli a IR ho fetisetsa mocheso ka ho toba linthong kapa holim'a metsi ntle le ho futhumatsa moea o potolohileng haholo.Ka sebele mahlaseli a infrared (IR) a ka sebelisoa e le mohloli oa ho futhumatsa ka boomo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng.Sena se bakoa haholo-holo ke bokhoni ba mahlaseli a IR ho fetisetsa mocheso ka ho toba linthong kapa holim'a metsi ntle le ho futhumatsa moea o potolohileng haholo.

Mohloli o futhumatsang

Mahlaseli a infrared a sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tse fapaneng tsa ho futhumatsa indasteri.Mohlala, ha ho etsoa, ​​​​mabone kapa liphanele tsa IR hangata li sebelisoa ho futhumatsa lisebelisoa, joalo ka lipolasetiki, litšepe kapa liphahlo, bakeng sa ho folisa, ho omisa kapa ho etsa merero.Mahlaseli a IR a ka laoloa le ho tsamaisoa ka nepo, a lumella ho futhumatsa hantle le ka potlako libakeng tse itseng.