一, Inowanzoshandiswa sub-division scheme ye infrared

Imwe nzira inowanzoshandiswa yekuparadzanisa mwaranzi ye infrared (IR) inobva pahurefu hwe wavelength. IR spectrum inowanzo kamurwa kuita nzvimbo dzinotevera:

Near-infrared (NIR):Nzvimbo iyi inotangira pa700 nanometers (nm) kusvika 1.4 micrometers (μm) muwavelength. NIR radiation inowanzo shandiswa mukuona kure, fiber optic telecommunication nekuda kwekurasikirwa kwakaderera kweattenuation muSiO2 glass (silica) medium. Mifananidzo intensifiers inonzwa nzvimbo iyi ye spectrum; mienzaniso inosanganisira zvishandiso zvekuona husiku zvakaita semagogorosi ekuona husiku. Near-infrared spectroscopy imwe nzira yakajairika yekushandisa.

Infrared yehurefu hwemafungu mapfupi (SWIR):Inozivikanwawo se "shortwave infrared" kana "SWIR" nzvimbo, inotangira pa1.4 μm kusvika 3 μm. Mwaranzi yeSWIR inowanzoshandiswa mumifananidzo, kuongorora, uye mashandisirwo espectroscopy.

Infrared yepakati-wavelength (MWIR):Dunhu reMWIR rinokura kubva pa3 μm kusvika 8 μm. Rudzi urwu runowanzo shandiswa mumifananidzo yekupisa, kutarisisa mauto, uye masisitimu ekuona gasi.

Infrared ine urefu hwemafungu marefu (LWIR):Dunhu reLWIR rinofukidza marefu emvura kubva pa8 μm kusvika 15 μm. Rinowanzoshandiswa mumifananidzo yekupisa, masisitimu ekuona husiku, uye kuyerwa kwetembiricha yekubata.

Kure-infrared (FIR):Nzvimbo iyi inotangira pa15 μm kusvika 1 millimeter (mm) pakureba kwehurefu. Mwaranzi yeFIR inowanzo shandiswa mukuongorora nyeredzi, kure, uye mune mamwe mashandisirwo ekurapa.

Dhayagiramu yehurefu hwemafungu

NIR neSWIR pamwe chete dzimwe nguva zvinonzi "reflected infrared", nepo MWIR neLWIR dzimwe nguva zvichinzi "thermal infrared".

二、 Zvishandiso zve infrared

Kuona husiku

Infrared (IR) inoita basa rakakosha mumidziyo yekuona husiku, zvichiita kuti zvikwanise kuonekwa uye kuratidzwa kwezvinhu munzvimbo dzine chiedza chidiki kana rima. Midziyo yekuona husiku yekusimbisa mifananidzo, senge magirazi ekuona husiku kana monoculars, inowedzera chiedza chiripo, kusanganisira chero mwaranzi yeIR iripo. Midziyo iyi inoshandisa photocathode kushandura maphoton anouya, kusanganisira maphoton eIR, kuita maerekitironi. Maerekitironi anozokurumidziswa uye anowedzerwa kuti agadzire mufananidzo unoonekwa. Magirazi einfrared, anoburitsa chiedza cheIR, anowanzo batanidzwa mumidziyo iyi kuti awedzere kuonekwa murima rakazara kana mamiriro ekunze asina chiedza chakakwana apo mwaranzi yeIR isina kukwana.

Nzvimbo ine chiedza chidiki

Thermography

Mwaranzi ye infrared inogona kushandiswa kuona tembiricha yezvinhu zviri kure (kana zvichizivikanwa kuti emissivity yacho ndeyei). Izvi zvinonzi thermography, kana kuti kana zvinhu zvichipisa zvakanyanya muNIR kana zvinoonekwa zvinonzi pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) inonyanya kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwemauto nemaindasitiri asi tekinoroji iyi iri kusvika kumusika weveruzhinji muchimiro chemakamera e infrared pamotokari nekuda kwekudzikira kwemitengo yekugadzira.

Mashandisirwo emifananidzo yekupisa

Mwaranzi ye infrared inogona kushandiswa kuona tembiricha yezvinhu zviri kure (kana zvichizivikanwa kuti emissivity yacho ndeyei). Izvi zvinonzi thermography, kana kuti kana zvinhu zvichipisa zvakanyanya muNIR kana zvinoonekwa zvinonzi pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) inonyanya kushandiswa mukushandiswa kwemauto nemaindasitiri asi tekinoroji iyi iri kusvika kumusika weveruzhinji muchimiro chemakamera e infrared pamotokari nekuda kwekudzikira kwemitengo yekugadzira.

Makamera eThermographic anoona mwaranzi iri mu infrared range ye electromagnetic spectrum (inenge 9,000–14,000 nanometers kana 9–14 μm) uye anoburitsa mifananidzo yemwaranzi iyoyo. Sezvo mwaranzi ye infrared ichiburitswa nezvinhu zvese zvichibva pakupisa kwazvo, zvichienderana nemutemo wemwaranzi yemuviri mutema, thermography inoita kuti zvikwanisike "kuona" nharaunda yemunhu ine chiedza chinooneka kana isina. Huwandu hwemwaranzi inoburitswa nechinhu hunowedzera nekupisa, saka thermography inobvumira munhu kuona kusiyana kwekupisa.

Kufungidzira kweHyperspectral

Mufananidzo we hyperspectral "mufananidzo" une continuous spectrum kuburikidza ne wide spectral range pa pixel yega yega. Hyperspectral imaging iri kuwana kukosha mumunda we applied spectroscopy kunyanya munzvimbo dzeNIR, SWIR, MWIR, uye LWIR spectral. Mashandisirwo akajairika anosanganisira zviyero zve biological, mineralogical, defense, uye industrial.

Mufananidzo we hyperspectral

Kufungidzira kweThermal infrared hyperspectral kunogona kuitwawo uchishandisa kamera yethermographic, musiyano mukuru ndewekuti pixel yega yega ine LMIR spectrum yakazara. Nekuda kweizvozvo, kuzivikanwa kwemakemikari kwechinhu kunogona kuitwa pasina chikonzero chechiedza chekunze senge Zuva kana Mwedzi. Makamera akadaro anowanzo shandiswa pakuyera geology, kutarisa kunze uye mashandisirwo eUAV.

Kudziyisa

Mwaranzi yeinfrared (IR) inogona kushandiswa senzvimbo yekudziisa nemaune mukushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekukwanisa kwemwaranzi yeIR kuendesa kupisa zvakananga kuzvinhu kana pamusoro pasina kupisa zvakanyanya mhepo yakapoteredza. Mwaranzi yeinfrared (IR) inogona kushandiswa senzvimbo yekudziisa nemaune mukushandiswa kwakasiyana-siyana. Izvi zvinonyanya kukonzerwa nekukwanisa kwemwaranzi yeIR kuendesa kupisa zvakananga kuzvinhu kana pamusoro pasina kupisa zvakanyanya mhepo yakapoteredza.

Kunobva kupisa

Mwaranzi yeinfrared inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumabasa akasiyana-siyana ekupisa maindasitiri. Semuenzaniso, mukugadzira, marambi eIR kana mapaneru anowanzo shandiswa kupisa zvinhu, zvakaita sepurasitiki, simbi, kana machira, pakugadzirisa, kuomesa, kana kugadzira. Mwaranzi yeIR inogona kudzorwa uye kutungamirirwa nemazvo, zvichibvumira kupisa kwakanaka uye nekukurumidza munzvimbo dzakatarwa.