一, Gahunda ikunze gukoreshwa yo kugabanya ibice bya infrared

Uburyo bumwe bukoreshwa cyane bwo kugabanya imirasire ya infrared (IR) bushingiye ku rugero rw'uburebure bw'urumuri. Ubusanzwe spectrum ya IR igabanyijemo ibice bikurikira:

Imirasire y'urumuri hafi ya infrarouge (NIR):Aka gace kari hagati ya nanometero 700 (nm) na mikorometero 1.4 (μm) mu bunini bw'uburebure. Imirasire ya NIR ikunze gukoreshwa mu itumanaho rya kure, fibre optique bitewe n'uko ikirahure cya SiO2 (silika) cyatakaye cyane. Ibyuma bikomeza gukaza ishusho bigira ingaruka kuri aka gace k'urumuri; ingero zirimo ibikoresho byo kureba nijoro nka za goggles zo kureba nijoro. Spectroscopy yo hafi ya infrared ni ubundi buryo busanzwe bwo gukoreshwa.

Infrarouge y'uburebure bugufi (SWIR):Izwi kandi nka "agace ka infrared k'amajwi magufi" cyangwa "agace ka SWIR", iva kuri 1.4 μm ikagera kuri 3 μm. Imirasire ya SWIR ikunze gukoreshwa mu gufata amashusho, kugenzura, no gukoresha spectroscopy.

Infrarouge yo hagati mu burebure bw'umuraba (MWIR):Agace ka MWIR gafite uburebure buri hagati ya μm 3 na μm 8. Ubu bwoko bukunze gukoreshwa mu gupima ubushyuhe, kwibasira abasirikare, no mu gupima imyuka.

Infrarouge y'uburebure bw'umurambararo (LWIR):Agace ka LWIR gafite uburebure bw'umurambararo kuva kuri μm 8 kugeza kuri μm 15. Gakunze gukoreshwa mu gupima ubushyuhe, mu buryo bwo kureba nijoro, no mu gupima ubushyuhe budahuye n'aho buherereye.

Imirasire ya infrared iri kure (FIR):Aka gace kava kuri μm 15 kugeza kuri milimetero 1 (mm) mu bunini bw'urumuri. Imirasire ya FIR ikunze gukoreshwa mu by'inyenyeri, mu gupima kure, no mu bikorwa bimwe na bimwe by'ubuvuzi.

Imbonerahamwe y'uburebure bw'umuraba

NIR na SWIR hamwe rimwe na rimwe byitwa "infrared reflected", mu gihe MWIR na LVIR rimwe na rimwe byitwa "infrared thermal".

Porogaramu ya infragre

Kureba nijoro

Infrared (IR) igira uruhare runini mu bikoresho byo kureba nijoro, bigatuma haboneka kandi hakaboneka ibintu biri mu mwijima cyangwa ahantu hadasobanutse neza. Ibikoresho bisanzwe byo kureba nijoro, nk'indorerwamo zo kureba nijoro cyangwa monoculars, byongera urumuri rw'ikirere ruhari, harimo n'imirasire ya IR iyo ari yo yose. Ibi bikoresho bikoresha fotokatode kugira ngo bihindure fotoni zinjira, harimo na fotoni za IR, mo electron. Hanyuma electron zihuta kandi zongererwa imbaraga kugira ngo habeho ishusho igaragara. Ibyuma bitanga urumuri rwa IR, bikunze gushyirwa muri ibi bikoresho kugira ngo byongere ubushobozi bwo kugaragara mu mwijima cyangwa mu bihe by'urumuri ruto aho imirasire ya IR idahagije.

Ahantu hafite urumuri ruke

Termografia

Imirasire ya infrared ishobora gukoreshwa mu kumenya ubushyuhe bw'ibintu (niba bizwi ko bituruka ku kirere). Ibi byitwa thermography, cyangwa mu gihe hari ibintu bishyushye cyane muri NIR cyangwa bigaragara byitwa pyrometry. Thermography (ishusho y'ubushyuhe) ikoreshwa cyane mu bikorwa bya gisirikare n'inganda ariko ikoranabuhanga riri kugera ku isoko rya leta mu buryo bwa kamera za infrared ku modoka bitewe n'ikiguzi cyo gukora cyagabanutse cyane.

Porogaramu zo gufata amashusho ashyushye

Imirasire ya infrared ishobora gukoreshwa mu kumenya ubushyuhe bw'ibintu (niba bizwi ko bituruka ku kirere). Ibi byitwa thermography, cyangwa mu gihe hari ibintu bishyushye cyane muri NIR cyangwa bigaragara byitwa pyrometry. Thermography (ishusho y'ubushyuhe) ikoreshwa cyane mu bikorwa bya gisirikare n'inganda ariko ikoranabuhanga riri kugera ku isoko rya leta mu buryo bwa kamera za infrared ku modoka bitewe n'ikiguzi cyo gukora cyagabanutse cyane.

Kamera zikoresha ikoranabuhanga rya Thermografiya zibona imirasire iri mu ntera ya infrared ya electromagnetic spectrum (hafi nanometero 9.000–14.000 cyangwa μm 9–14) kandi zigatanga amashusho y’iyo mirasire. Kubera ko imirasire ya infrared itangwa n’ibintu byose hashingiwe ku bushyuhe bwabyo, hakurikijwe itegeko ry’imirasire y’umubiri w’umukara, ikoranabuhanga rya Thermografiya rituma bishoboka "kubona" ​​ibidukikije by’umuntu bifite urumuri rugaragara cyangwa bitagaragara. Ingano y’imirasire itangwa n’ikintu yiyongera uko ubushyuhe bugenda bwiyongera, bityo ikoranabuhanga rya Thermografiya rituma umuntu abona ihinduka ry’ubushyuhe.

Ishusho ya Hyperspectral

Ishusho ya hyperspectral ni "ishusho" irimo spectrum ihoraho mu ntera nini ya spectral kuri buri pikseli. Ishusho ya hyperspectral iri kwiyongera mu rwego rwa spectroscopy ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu duce twa NIR, SWIR, MWIR, na LWIR. Ikoreshwa risanzwe ririmo ibipimo by'ibinyabuzima, mineralogical, ubwugarizi, n'inganda.

Ishusho ya hyperspectral

Gufata amashusho ya hyperspectral ya infrared infrared bishobora gukorwa kimwe hakoreshejwe kamera ya thermographic, itandukaniro rikomeye ni uko buri pixel ifite spectrum yuzuye ya LWIR. Kubera iyo mpamvu, kumenya shimi y'ikintu bishobora gukorwa hatabayeho gukenera isoko y'urumuri rwo hanze nk'izuba cyangwa ukwezi. Bene kamera nk'izo zikoreshwa mu gupima imiterere y'isi, kugenzura hanze no gukoresha UAV.

Gushyushya

Imirasire ya infrared (IR) ishobora gukoreshwa nk'isoko yo gushyushya ku bushake mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Ibi biterwa ahanini n'ubushobozi bw'imirasire ya infrared bwo kohereza ubushyuhe ku bintu cyangwa ku buso butarimo gushyushya cyane umwuka ukikije. Imirasire ya infrared (IR) ishobora gukoreshwa nk'isoko yo gushyushya ku bushake mu bikorwa bitandukanye. Ibi biterwa ahanini n'ubushobozi bw'imirasire ya infrared bwo kohereza ubushyuhe ku bintu cyangwa ku buso butarimo gushyushya cyane umwuka ukikije.

Isoko y'ubushyuhe

Imirasire ya infrared ikoreshwa cyane mu buryo butandukanye bwo gushyushya mu nganda. Urugero, mu nganda, amatara ya IR cyangwa panneaux akunze gukoreshwa mu gushyushya ibikoresho, nka pulasitiki, ibyuma, cyangwa irangi, mu rwego rwo gukonjesha, kumisha, cyangwa gukora. Imirasire ya IR ishobora kugenzurwa no kuyoborwa neza, bigatuma hashyuha neza kandi vuba ahantu runaka.