Kodi makamera oyendetsa ndege nthawi yake ndi chiyani?

Makamera a Time-of-flight (ToF) ndi mtundu wa ukadaulo wozindikira kuzama womwe umayesa mtunda pakati pa kamera ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo pogwiritsa ntchito nthawi yomwe kuwala kumayenda kupita ku zinthuzo ndikubwerera ku kamera. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'njira zosiyanasiyana monga augmented reality, robotics, 3D scanning, gesture recognition, ndi zina zambiri.

Makamera a ToFntchito popereka chizindikiro cha kuwala, nthawi zambiri kuwala kwa infrared, ndikuyesa nthawi yomwe chizindikirocho chimatenga kuti chibwererenso pambuyo pogunda zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo. Kuyeza nthawi imeneyi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwerengera mtunda wa zinthuzo, kupanga mapu akuya kapena chithunzi cha 3D cha malowo.

Makamera a ndege nthawi

Poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wina wozindikira kuzama monga kuwala kokonzedwa kapena masomphenya a stereo, makamera a ToF amapereka zabwino zingapo. Amapereka chidziwitso cha kuzama nthawi yeniyeni, ali ndi kapangidwe kosavuta, ndipo amatha kugwira ntchito m'malo osiyanasiyana owunikira. Makamera a ToF ndi ang'onoang'ono ndipo amatha kuphatikizidwa muzipangizo zazing'ono monga mafoni a m'manja, mapiritsi, ndi zida zovalidwa.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF ndi kosiyanasiyana. Mu augmented reality, makamera a ToF amatha kuzindikira molondola kuya kwa zinthu ndikuwongolera zenizeni za zinthu zenizeni zomwe zili m'dziko lenileni. Mu robotics, zimathandiza maloboti kuzindikira malo ozungulira ndikuyenda bwino kwambiri pamavuto. Mu 3D scanning, makamera a ToF amatha kujambula mwachangu mawonekedwe a zinthu kapena malo osiyanasiyana pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana monga virtual reality, masewera, kapena kusindikiza kwa 3D. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito mu biometric applications, monga kuzindikira nkhope kapena kuzindikira manja.

二,Zigawo za nthawi ya makamera oyendetsa ndege

Makamera a nthawi youluka (ToF)Zili ndi zigawo zingapo zofunika zomwe zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zitheke kuzindikira kuya ndi kuyeza mtunda. Zigawozo zimatha kusiyana kutengera kapangidwe ndi wopanga, koma nazi zinthu zofunika zomwe zimapezeka mumakina a kamera a ToF:

Gwero la Kuwala:

Makamera a ToF amagwiritsa ntchito gwero la kuwala kuti atulutse chizindikiro cha kuwala, nthawi zambiri mu mawonekedwe a kuwala kwa infrared (IR). Gwero la kuwala lingakhale LED (Light-Emitting Diode) kapena laser diode, kutengera kapangidwe ka kamera. Kuwala komwe kumatulutsa kumapita ku zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo.

Ma Optics:

Lenzi imasonkhanitsa kuwala komwe kumaonekera ndi kujambula chilengedwe pa sensa ya chithunzi (focal plane array). Fyuluta ya optical band-pass imangodutsa kuwala komwe kuli ndi kutalika kofanana ndi gawo lowunikira. Izi zimathandiza kuletsa kuwala kosafunikira ndikuchepetsa phokoso.

Sensa ya chithunzi:

Uwu ndiye mtima wa kamera ya TOF. Pixel iliyonse imayesa nthawi yomwe kuwala kwatenga kuti kuyende kuchokera ku chipangizo chowunikira (laser kapena LED) kupita ku chinthucho ndikubwerera ku focal plane array.

Kuzungulira Nthawi:

Kuti kamera ione nthawi yowuluka molondola, imafunika nthawi yowunikira bwino. Njira imeneyi imayang'anira kutulutsa kwa chizindikiro cha kuwala ndipo imazindikira nthawi yomwe kuwalako kumayenda kupita ku zinthu ndikubwerera ku kamera. Imagwirizanitsa njira zowunikira ndi zowunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti mtunda ndi wolondola.

Kusintha kwa mawu:

EnaMakamera a ToFGwiritsani ntchito njira zosinthira kuti muwongolere kulondola ndi kulimba kwa miyeso ya mtunda. Makamera awa amasinthasintha chizindikiro cha kuwala chomwe chimatulutsa ndi mawonekedwe kapena ma frequency enaake. Kusinthaku kumathandiza kusiyanitsa kuwala komwe kumatulutsa ndi magwero ena a kuwala komwe kuli mlengalenga ndipo kumawonjezera luso la kamera kusiyanitsa zinthu zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili pamalopo.

Algorithm Yowerengera Kuzama:

Kuti asinthe miyeso ya nthawi yoyendera ndege kukhala chidziwitso chakuya, makamera a ToF amagwiritsa ntchito ma algorithms apamwamba. Ma algorithms awa amasanthula deta ya nthawi yolandiridwa kuchokera ku chowunikira zithunzi ndikuwerengera mtunda pakati pa kamera ndi zinthu zomwe zili pamalopo. Ma algorithms owerengera kuya nthawi zambiri amaphatikizapo kulipira zinthu monga liwiro lofalitsa kuwala, nthawi yoyankha kwa sensa, ndi kusokoneza kwa kuwala kozungulira.

Kuzama kwa Deta Yotuluka:

Kamera ya ToF ikamaliza kuwerengera kuzama, imapereka deta yochokera kuzama. Kutulutsa kumeneku kumatha kukhala ngati mapu ozama, mtambo wa mfundo, kapena chithunzi cha 3D cha malo omwe akuchitika. Deta yochokera kuzama ingagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi mapulogalamu ndi machitidwe kuti athandize magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana monga kutsata zinthu, zenizeni zodziwikiratu, kapena kuyenda kwa robotic.

Ndikofunikira kudziwa kuti momwe makamera a ToF amagwirira ntchito komanso zinthu zina zimasiyana malinga ndi opanga ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kupita patsogolo kwa ukadaulo kungayambitse zinthu zina zowonjezera komanso zowonjezera kuti ziwongolere magwiridwe antchito ndi kuthekera kwa makamera a ToF.

三, Mapulogalamu

Mapulogalamu a magalimoto

Makamera a nthawi yoyenda pandegeamagwiritsidwa ntchito pothandiza ndi kuteteza magalimoto apamwamba monga chitetezo cha oyenda pansi, kuzindikira ngozi isanachitike komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mkati monga kuzindikira kunja kwa malo (OOP).

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF

Ma interface a anthu ndi makina ndi masewera

As makamera a nthawi yowulukakupereka zithunzi zakutali nthawi yeniyeni, ndikosavuta kutsatira mayendedwe a anthu. Izi zimathandiza kuti anthu azitha kuyanjana ndi zida zatsopano monga ma TV. Nkhani ina ndikugwiritsa ntchito makamera amtundu uwu kuti azitha kuyanjana ndi masewera pamasewera apakanema. Sensor ya m'badwo wachiwiri ya Kinect yomwe idaphatikizidwa ndi Xbox One console idagwiritsa ntchito kamera yowonera nthawi yomwe ikuuluka, zomwe zimathandiza kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azilumikizana ndi masewera pogwiritsa ntchito njira zowonera makompyuta komanso kuzindikira manja.

Creative ndi Intel zimaperekanso kamera yofanana ndi imeneyi yolumikizirana ndi nthawi yowuluka pamasewera, Senz3D yochokera pa kamera ya DepthSense 325 ya Softkinetic. Infineon ndi PMD Technologies zimathandizira makamera ang'onoang'ono ophatikizidwa a 3D kuti azilamulira zida za ogwiritsa ntchito monga ma PC ndi ma laputopu onse (Picco flexx ndi makamera a Picco monstar).

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF pamasewera

Makamera a foni yam'manja

Mafoni angapo a m'manja ali ndi makamera oyendera nthawi ya ndege. Izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka kuti zithunzi ziwoneke bwino popatsa pulogalamu ya kamera chidziwitso chokhudza kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Foni yoyamba kugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo woterewu inali LG G3, yomwe idatulutsidwa kumayambiriro kwa chaka cha 2014.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF m'mafoni a m'manja

Kuyeza ndi masomphenya a makina

Ntchito zina ndi ntchito zoyezera, mwachitsanzo kutalika kwa kudzaza m'malo osungiramo zinthu. Mu masomphenya a makina a mafakitale, kamera yowonera nthawi youluka imathandiza kugawa ndikupeza zinthu zomwe maloboti amagwiritsa ntchito, monga zinthu zomwe zimadutsa pa chonyamulira. Zowongolera zitseko zimatha kusiyanitsa mosavuta pakati pa nyama ndi anthu omwe akufika pakhomo.

Maloboti

Kagwiritsidwe ntchito kena ka makamera awa ndi gawo la maloboti: Maloboti oyenda amatha kupanga mapu a malo ozungulira mwachangu kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kupewa zopinga kapena kutsatira munthu wotsogola. Popeza kuwerengera mtunda ndikosavuta, mphamvu zochepa zowerengera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Popeza makamera awa angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuyeza mtunda, magulu a FIRST Robotics Competition akhala akudziwika kuti amagwiritsa ntchito zipangizozi pazochitika zodziyimira pawokha.

Kujambula kwa dziko lapansi

Makamera a ToFzagwiritsidwa ntchito kupeza zitsanzo za digito za malo okwezeka a dziko lapansi, pa maphunziro a geomorphology.

Kugwiritsa ntchito makamera a ToF mu geomorphology