Ezithombeni nakuma-optics, isihlungi se-neutral density noma isihlungi se-ND siyihlungi esinciphisa noma esiguqula ubukhali bawo wonke amaza noma imibala yokukhanya ngokulinganayo ngaphandle kokushintsha umbala wokukhiqizwa kombala. Inhloso yezihlungi ze-neutral density ezijwayelekile zezithombe ukunciphisa inani lokukhanya okungena kulensi. Ukwenza kanjalo kuvumela umthwebuli wezithombe ukuthi akhethe inhlanganisela yokuvula, isikhathi sokuvezwa, kanye nokuzwela kwenzwa obekungaveza isithombe esivezwe ngokweqile. Lokhu kwenzelwa ukufeza imiphumela efana nokujula okungajulile kwensimu noma ukufiphala kokunyakaza kwezinto ezimweni eziningi kanye nezimo zomkhathi.
Isibonelo, umuntu angase afune ukudubula impophoma ngesivinini esiphansi se-shutter ukuze adale umphumela wokufiphaza kokunyakaza ngamabomu. Umthwebuli wezithombe angase anqume ukuthi isivinini se-shutter semizuzwana eyishumi siyadingeka ukuze kufezwe umphumela ofiselekayo. Ngosuku olukhanyayo kakhulu, kungaba nokukhanya okuningi kakhulu, futhi ngisho nangesivinini sefilimu esiphansi kakhulu kanye nokuvulwa okuncane kakhulu, isivinini se-shutter semizuzwana eyi-10 sizovumela ukukhanya okuningi kakhulu futhi isithombe sizobonakala kakhulu. Kulesi simo, ukusebenzisa isihlungi sobuningi obungathathi hlangothi esifanele kufana nokumisa ukuma okukodwa noma ngaphezulu okwengeziwe, okuvumela isivinini se-shutter esisheshayo kanye nomphumela wokufiphaza kokunyakaza ofiselekayo.
Isihlungi se-neutral-density esiphothuliwe, esaziwa nangokuthi isihlungi se-ND esiphothuliwe, isihlungi se-neutral-density esihlukanisiwe, noma isihlungi se-graduated, siyihlungi se-optical esinokudluliswa kokukhanya okuguquguqukayo. Lokhu kuyasiza lapho indawo eyodwa yesithombe ikhanya kanti okunye akukhanyi, njengasesithombeni sokushona kwelanga. Isakhiwo salesi sihlungi ukuthi ingxenye engezansi yelensi icacile, futhi kancane kancane ishintshela phezulu iye kwamanye amathoni, njenge-gradient grey, gradient blue, gradient red, njll. Singahlukaniswa sibe isihlungi sombala we-gradient kanye nesihlungi se-gradient diffuse. Ngokombono wesimo se-gradient, singahlukaniswa sibe yi-gradient ethambile kanye ne-gradient eqinile. "I-Soft" isho ukuthi ububanzi bokuguquka bukhulu, futhi okuphambene nalokho. . Isihlungi se-gradient sivame ukusetshenziswa ekuthwebuleni izithombe zomhlaba. Inhloso yaso ukwenza ngamabomu ingxenye engenhla yesithombe ifinyelele ithoni ethile yombala elindelekile ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ithoni yombala evamile yengxenye engezansi yesithombe.
Izihlungi ze-neutral-density ezimpunga ezithweswe iziqu, ezaziwa nangokuthi izihlungi ze-GND, ezidlulisela ukukhanya okuyingxenye kanye nezivimbela ukukhanya okuyingxenye, ezivimba ingxenye yokukhanya okungena kulensi, zisetshenziswa kabanzi. Zisetshenziswa kakhulu ukuthola inhlanganisela efanele yokuchayeka evunyelwe yikhamera ekujuleni okungajulile kwezithombe zasensimini, izithombe zesivinini esiphansi, kanye nezimo zokukhanya okuqinile. Zivame futhi ukusetshenziswa ukulinganisela ithoni. Isihlungi se-GND sisetshenziselwa ukulinganisela umehluko phakathi kwezingxenye eziphezulu nezingezansi noma zesobunxele nezingakwesokudla zesikrini. Sivame ukusetshenziswa ukunciphisa ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka nokunciphisa umehluko phakathi kwesibhakabhaka nomhlabathi. Ngaphezu kokuqinisekisa ukuvezwa okuvamile kwengxenye engezansi, singacindezela ngempumelelo ukukhanya kwesibhakabhaka esiphezulu, senze ushintsho phakathi kokukhanya nobumnyama lube mnene, futhi singagqamisa ngempumelelo ukuthungwa kwamafu. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezihlungi ze-GND, futhi i-grayscale nayo ihlukile. Ishintsha kancane kancane isuka ku-grey emnyama iye ku-free. Ngokuvamile, kunqunywa ukuyisebenzisa ngemuva kokulinganisa umehluko wesikrini. Veza ngokwenani elilinganisiwe lengxenye engenambala, bese wenza ukulungisa okuthile uma kudingeka.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Feb-07-2023
