Sechikamu chechiedza, mafirita anoshandiswawo zvakanyanya muindasitiri ye optoelectronic. Mafirita anowanzo shandiswa kugadzirisa simba uye hunhu hwewavelength yechiedza, izvo zvinogona kusefa, kuparadzanisa, kana kuwedzera nzvimbo dzakatarwa dzewavelength yechiedza. Anoshandiswa pamwe chete nema lenses e optical mumaindasitiri akasiyana-siyana. Tevere, ngatidzidzei nezve nzira dzekuona nekushandisa mafirita pamwe chete.
Nzira dzekuedza mafirita
Pakuona mafirita, dzimwe nzira dzehunyanzvi dzinowanzo shandiswa, uye dzinotevera ndidzo dzinowanzo shandiswa:
1.Nzira yekuyera chromaticity
Nzira yekuyera chromaticity inzira yekuyera nekuenzanisa ruvara rwemafirita uchishandisa colorimeter kana spectrophotometer. Nzira iyi inogona kuongorora mashandiro echromaticity emafirita nekuverenga ma coordinate values uye color difference values pa wavelengths dzakasiyana.
2.Nzira yekuyera kufambiswa kwekutumira
Nzira yekuyera kutumirwa kwemashoko inogona kushandisa muchina wekuyedza kutumirwa kwemashoko kuyera kutumirwa kwemashoko efirita. Nzira iyi inonyanya kushandisa chiedza kuvhenekera firita, ukuwo ichiyera simba rechiedza chinotumirwa, uye pakupedzisira ichiwana data rekutumira mashoko.
3.Nzira yekuongorora spectral
Nzira yekuongorora spectral inzira yekushandisa spectrometer kana spectrophotometer kuita spectral analysis pa filter. Nzira iyi inogona kuwana wavelength range uye hunhu hwe spectral hwekutumirwa kana kuratidzwa kwe filter.
4.Polarization spectroscopy
Polarization spectroscopy inonyanya kushandisa polarization spectrometer kuona hunhu hwepolarization hwefirita. Nekutenderedza sampuro uye kuongorora shanduko musimba rechiedza chinotumirwa chesampuli, hunhu hwepolarization conversion hwefirita hunogona kuwanikwa.
5.Nzira yekutarisa ne microscopic
Nzira yekutarisa nemicroscope inoreva kushandiswa kwemaikorosikopu kuona chimiro chepamusoro uye chimiro chemukati mefirita, uye kutarisa kana firita yacho iine matambudziko akadai sekusvibiswa, zvikanganiso, kana kukuvara.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemafirita dzinoshandisa maitiro akasiyana uye zvinhu, uye kuonekwa kwemafirita kunogonawo kuenderana nezvinhu zvefirita uye zvinodiwa zvekushandisa nekusarudza imwe kana nzira dzakawanda dzekuona kuti firita yakasarudzwa inosangana nezvinodiwa zvemhando yepamusoro uye mashandiro.
Kushandisa firita
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemafirita dzinogona kunge dziine matanho akasiyana ekushandisa uye matanho ekudzivirira. Heano nzira dzakawanda dzekushandisa mafirita:
1. Sarudza mhando yakakodzera
Mhando dzakasiyana dzemafirita dzine mavara akasiyana uye mabasa akasiyana, uye mhando yakakodzera inofanira kusarudzwa zvichienderana nezvinodiwa chaizvo. Semuenzaniso, mafirita epolarization anonyanya kushandiswa kubvisa kupenya uye kuwedzera kusiyana kwemavara, nepo mafirita e ultraviolet achinyanya kushandiswa kupfapfaidza mwaranzi ye ultraviolet.
2. Kuisa uye kugadzirisa
Mushure mekupedza kusarudza, isa sefa pamberi pe lenzi yekamera kana laser kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti inogona kugadzikwa zvakasimba uye zvakachengeteka munzira ye optical.
3. Gadzirisa nzvimbo
Zvichienderana nezvinodiwa nemamiriro acho ezvinhu, nzvimbo yefirita inogona kutenderedzwa kana kufambiswa kuti igadzirise kona yekupinda, ruvara, kana simba rechiedza. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti usabata pamusoro pefirita kudzivirira kusiya zvigunwe kana mavanga zvinogona kukanganisa kunaka kwechiedza.
4. Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzinoshandiswa pamwe chete
Dzimwe nguva, kuti uwane mamwe maficha akaomarara ekuona, zvinodikanwa kushandisa imwe firita pamwe chete nemamwe mafirita. Pakushandisa, zvakakosha kuteerera mirairo kudzivirira kushandiswa zvisina kunaka.
5. Kuchenesa nguva dzose
Kuti firita irambe ichishanda zvakanaka uye yakajeka, zvakakosha kuchenesa firita nguva nenguva. Pakuchenesa, zvakakosha kushandisa bepa rekuchenesa remalenzi kana jira rekotoni kuti upukute zvinyoro nyoro pamusoro pefirita. Dzivisa kushandisa zvinhu zvisina kurongeka kana zvinonyungudutsa makemikari kudzivirira kukwenya kana kukuvadza firita.
6. Kuchengetedza zvinhu zvine mwero
Kuchengetwa kwemafirita kwakakoshawo. Kuti firita irambe kwenguva refu, kana isiri kushandiswa, inofanira kuiswa panzvimbo yakaoma, inotonhorera, uye isina guruva kudzivirira kupiswa nezuva kwenguva refu kana kukanganiswa nekupisa kwakanyanya.
Nguva yekutumira: Gumiguru-19-2023
