Ge Crystal

"Ge crystal" inowanzoreva kristaro yakagadzirwa nechinhu chinonzi germanium (Ge), chinova chinhu che semiconductor. Germanium inowanzoshandiswa mumunda we infrared optics ne photonics nekuda kwehunhu hwayo hwakasiyana.

Heano zvimwe zvinhu zvakakosha zvemakristaro egermanium uye mashandisirwo awo:

1. Mahwindo neMagirazi eInfrared: Germanium inoonekera munzvimbo ye infrared ye electromagnetic spectrum, kunyanya munzvimbo dze infrared dziri pakati pemafungu nerefu. Izvi zvinoita kuti ive yakakodzera kugadzira mahwindo nema lenzi anoshandiswa muma thermal imaging systems, makamera e infrared, nezvimwe zvishandiso zve optical zvinoshanda munzvimbo dze infrared wavelengths.
2. Zvishandiso zvekuongorora: Germanium inoshandiswawo senzvimbo yekugadzira ma infrared detectors, akadai se photodiodes ne photoconductors. Ma detectors aya anogona kushandura infrared radiation kuita chiratidzo chemagetsi, zvichiita kuti chiedza che infrared chionekwe uye chiyerwe.
3. Spectroscopy: Makristaro eGermanium anoshandiswa mumidziyo ye infrared spectroscopy. Anogona kushandiswa sema beamsplitters, prisms, uye mahwindo ekushandura nekuongorora chiedza che infrared kuti chiongororwe nemakemikari nezvinhu.
4. Optics dzeLaser: Germanium inogona kushandiswa sechinhu che optical mune mamwe ma infrared lasers, kunyanya ayo anoshanda pakati pe infrared range. Inogona kushandiswa se gain medium kana sechikamu mu laser cavities.
5. Nzvimbo neAstronomy: Makristaro eGermanium anoshandiswa mumatelesikopu einfrared nepanzvimbo dzinoongorora zvinhu zvemuchadenga zvinoburitsa mwaranzi yeinfrared. Anobatsira vaongorori kuunganidza ruzivo rwakakosha nezvemuchadenga rusingaonekwe muchiedza chinooneka.

Makristasi eGermanium anogona kurimwa achishandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzakadai seCzochralski (CZ) kana kuti Float Zone (FZ). Maitiro aya anosanganisira kunyungudutsa uye kusimbisa germanium nenzira inodzorwa kuti igadzire makristasi rimwe chete rine hunhu hwakasiyana.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti kunyange zvazvo germanium ine hunhu hwakasiyana hwe infrared optics, kushandiswa kwayo kunogumira pazvinhu zvakaita semutengo, kuwanikwa, uye huwandu hwayo hwekutapurirana hushoma zvichienzaniswa nezvimwe zvinhu zve infrared zvakaita se zinc selenide (ZnSe) kana zinc sulfide (ZnS). Sarudzo yezvinhu zvinoenderana nekushandiswa kwacho uye zvinodiwa ne optical system.