Biometrics ndi muyeso wa thupi ndi mawerengedwe okhudzana ndi makhalidwe a anthu. Kutsimikizira kwa biometric (kapena kutsimikizira kwenikweni) kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu sayansi ya makompyuta ngati njira yodziwira ndi kuwongolera mwayi wopeza. Kumagwiritsidwanso ntchito kuzindikira anthu m'magulu omwe akuyang'aniridwa.

Zizindikiro za biometric ndi makhalidwe apadera komanso oyezeka omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito polemba ndi kufotokoza anthu. Zizindikiro za biometric nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu monga makhalidwe a thupi omwe amagwirizana ndi mawonekedwe a thupi. Zitsanzo zimaphatikizapo, koma sizimangokhala zala, mitsempha ya kanjedza, kuzindikira nkhope, DNA, chithunzi cha kanjedza, mawonekedwe a manja, kuzindikira iris, retina, ndi fungo/fungo.

Ukadaulo wozindikiritsa za biometric umaphatikizapo sayansi ya makompyuta, kuwala ndi mawu ndi sayansi zina zakuthupi, sayansi ya zamoyo, mfundo za biosensors ndi ziwerengero za biostatistics, ukadaulo wachitetezo, ndi ukadaulo wanzeru zopanga zinthu ndi sayansi zina zambiri zoyambira ndi ukadaulo watsopano wogwiritsira ntchito. Ndi njira zothetsera mavuto aukadaulo osiyanasiyana.

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwa luntha lochita kupanga, ukadaulo wozindikira nkhope wakhala wokhwima kwambiri. Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wozindikira nkhope ndiye woyimira kwambiri wa biometrics.

Kuzindikira nkhope

Njira yodziwira nkhope imaphatikizapo kusonkhanitsa nkhope, kuzindikira nkhope, kuchotsa mawonekedwe a nkhope ndi kuzindikira kufanana kwa nkhope. Njira yodziwira nkhope imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosiyanasiyana monga algorithm ya AdaBoos, netiweki ya convolutional neural ndi makina othandizira vector mu kuphunzira kwa makina.

Njira yodziwira nkhope

Pakadali pano, zovuta zodziwika bwino monga kuzungulira nkhope, kutseka, kufanana, ndi zina zotero zasintha kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kuzindikira nkhope kukhale kolondola. Nkhope ya 2D, nkhope ya 3D, nkhope ya multi-spectral. Njira iliyonse ili ndi zochitika zosiyanasiyana zosinthira, kuchuluka kwa chitetezo cha deta komanso kukhudzidwa kwachinsinsi, ndi zina zotero, ndipo kuwonjezera kuphunzira mozama kwa deta yayikulu kumapangitsa kuti njira yodziwira nkhope ya 3D iwonjezere zolakwika za 2D projection, Imatha kuzindikira mwachangu umunthu wa munthu, zomwe zabweretsa chitukuko china pakugwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira nkhope kwa mbali ziwiri.

Nthawi yomweyo, ukadaulo wozindikira nkhope ukugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati ukadaulo wofunikira kwambiri pakukweza chitetezo cha kuzindikira nkhope, womwe ungapewe chinyengo chachinyengo monga zithunzi, makanema, mitundu ya 3D, ndi zophimba nkhope, ndikudziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito pawokha. Pakadali pano, chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo mwachangu kwa ukadaulo wozindikira nkhope, mapulogalamu ambiri atsopano monga zida zanzeru, ndalama zapaintaneti, ndi kulipira nkhope zakhala zikutchuka kwambiri, zomwe zikubweretsa liwiro komanso kusavuta pa moyo wa aliyense ndi ntchito.

Kuzindikira zilembo za kanjedza

Kuzindikira zizindikiro za kanjedza ndi mtundu watsopano wa ukadaulo wozindikira zizindikiro za thupi la munthu, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito zizindikiro za m'manja mwa munthu ngati chinthu chofunikira, ndipo umasonkhanitsa chidziwitso cha zamoyo kudzera muukadaulo wojambula zithunzi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana. Kuzindikira zizindikiro za kanjedza zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kungawonedwe ngati chitsanzo cha ukadaulo wozindikira zizindikiro za thupi womwe umaphatikiza zizindikiro zamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zinthu zambiri zofunika. Ukadaulo watsopanowu umaphatikiza zinthu zitatu zodziwika bwino za mtundu wa khungu, chizindikiro cha kanjedza ndi mitsempha ya mitsempha kuti zipereke chidziwitso chochuluka nthawi imodzi ndikuwonjezera kusiyanitsa kwa zizindikiro zomwe mukufuna.

Chaka chino, ukadaulo wozindikira kanjedza wa Amazon, wotchedwa Orville, wayamba kuyesa. Choyamba, scanner imapeza zithunzi zoyambirira za infrared polarized, zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri mawonekedwe akunja a kanjedza, monga mizere ndi mapini; ikapezanso seti yachiwiri ya zithunzi za polarized, imayang'ana kwambiri kapangidwe ka kanjedza ndi mawonekedwe amkati, monga mitsempha, mafupa, minofu yofewa, ndi zina zotero. Zithunzi zosaphika zimakonzedwa poyamba kuti zikhale ndi zithunzi zokhala ndi manja. Zithunzizi zimawala bwino, zimayikidwa bwino, ndipo zimawonetsa kanjedza m'njira inayake, m'njira inayake, ndipo zimalembedwa kuti ndi dzanja lamanzere kapena lamanja.

Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wozindikira zizindikiro za kanjedza wa Amazon ukhoza kutsimikizira umunthu wa munthu ndi kulipira kwathunthu mu ma millisecond 300 okha, ndipo sufuna kuti ogwiritsa ntchito azigwira chipangizo chowunikira, amangogwedeza ndi kusanthula popanda kukhudza. Kulephera kwa ukadaulo uwu ndi pafupifupi 0.0001%. Nthawi yomweyo, kuzindikira zizindikiro za kanjedza ndi kutsimikizira kawiri pagawo loyambirira - nthawi yoyamba kupeza makhalidwe akunja, komanso nthawi yachiwiri kupeza makhalidwe amkati mwa bungwe. Poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wina wa biometric pankhani ya chitetezo, kwakhala bwino.

Kuwonjezera pa zinthu zomwe zili pamwambapa, ukadaulo wozindikira iris ukufalikiranso. Kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira kolakwika kwa iris kuli kotsika kufika pa 1/1000000. Imagwiritsa ntchito makamaka makhalidwe a kusinthasintha kwa moyo wa iris ndi kusiyana kwake kuti idziwe umunthu wake.

Pakadali pano, mgwirizano womwe ulipo mumakampani ndi wakuti kuzindikira njira imodzi kuli ndi zovuta pakugwira ntchito komanso chitetezo, ndipo kusakanikirana kwa njira zambiri ndi njira yofunika kwambiri pakuzindikira nkhope komanso kuzindikira kwa biometric - osati kudzera mu multi-factor yokha. Njira yowongolera kulondola kwa kuzindikira ingathandizenso kusinthasintha kwa malo ndi chitetezo chachinsinsi cha ukadaulo wa biometric pamlingo winawake. Poyerekeza ndi njira yachikhalidwe ya single-mode, imatha kukwaniritsa bwino kuchuluka kwa kuzindikira zabodza pamlingo wazachuma (kotsika ngati chimodzi mwa khumi miliyoni), komwe ndi njira yayikulu yopangira chidziwitso cha biometric.

Dongosolo la biometric la multimodal

Machitidwe a biometric amitundu yosiyanasiyana amagwiritsa ntchito masensa angapo kapena ma biometric kuti athetse zofooka za machitidwe a biometric amitundu yosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, machitidwe ozindikira iris amatha kusokonekera chifukwa cha kukalamba kwa iris ndipo kuzindikira zala zamagetsi kumatha kuipiraipira chifukwa cha zala zakale kapena zodulidwa. Ngakhale machitidwe a biometric amitundu yosiyanasiyana amalepheretsedwa ndi kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro chawo, sizingatheke kuti machitidwe angapo amitundu yosiyanasiyana azikhala ndi zofooka zofanana. Machitidwe a biometric amitundu yosiyanasiyana amatha kupeza zambiri kuchokera ku chizindikiro chomwecho (monga zithunzi zingapo za iris, kapena ma scan a chala chimodzi) kapena chidziwitso kuchokera ku biometrics zosiyanasiyana (zofunikira ma scan a zala, komanso, pogwiritsa ntchito kuzindikira mawu, passcode yolankhulidwa).

Machitidwe a biometric a multimodal amatha kuphatikiza machitidwe awa a unimodal motsatizana, nthawi imodzi, kuphatikiza kwake, kapena motsatizana, zomwe zikutanthauza njira zotsatizana, zofanana, za hierarchical ndi serial integration, motsatana.

CHANCCTVyapanga mndandanda wamagalasi a biometrickuti muzindikire nkhope, kuzindikira zizindikiro za kanjedza komanso kuzindikira zala ndi iris. Mwachitsanzo, CH3659A ndi lenzi ya 4k yocheperako yopotoza yomwe idapangidwira masensa a 1/1.8''. Ili ndi mapangidwe onse agalasi ndi ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi TTL ya 11.95mm yokha. Imagwira malo owonera madigiri 44 mopingasa. Lenzi iyi ndi yabwino kwambiri kuti muzindikire zizindikiro za kanjedza.