Ib, Feem ntau siv cov phiaj xwm faib tawm ntawm infrared

Ib qho kev faib ua feem ntawm infrared (IR) hluav taws xob feem ntau yog raws li qhov ntev ntawm qhov ntev. IR spectrum feem ntau yog muab faib ua cov cheeb tsam hauv qab no:

Nyob ze infrared (NIR):Thaj chaw no muaj li ntawm 700 nanometers (nm) mus txog 1.4 micrometers (μm) hauv qhov ntev. NIR hluav taws xob feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav chaw deb, kev sib txuas lus fiber optic vim tias muaj kev poob qis hauv SiO2 iav (silica) nruab nrab. Cov khoom siv ua kom pom kev zoo yog qhov rhiab heev rau thaj chaw no ntawm lub spectrum; piv txwv li suav nrog cov khoom siv pom kev hmo ntuj xws li cov tsom iav pom kev hmo ntuj. Kev siv ze-infrared spectroscopy yog lwm daim ntawv thov.

Lub teeb infrared luv luv (SWIR):Kuj tseem hu ua "shortwave infrared" lossis "SWIR", nws nthuav dav txij li ntawm 1.4 μm txog 3 μm. SWIR hluav taws xob feem ntau siv rau hauv kev thaij duab, kev saib xyuas, thiab kev siv spectroscopy.

Nruab nrab-wavelength infrared (MWIR):Thaj chaw MWIR nthuav dav li ntawm 3 μm txog 8 μm. Qhov ntau no feem ntau siv rau hauv kev thaij duab thermal, kev tsom mus rau tub rog, thiab cov tshuab kuaj roj.

Lub teeb infrared ntev (LWIR):Thaj chaw LWIR npog cov wavelengths txij li ntawm 8 μm txog 15 μm. Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv kev thaij duab thermal, cov tshuab pom kev hmo ntuj, thiab kev ntsuas kub tsis sib cuag.

Far-infrared (FIR):Thaj chaw no ntev li ntawm 15 μm mus txog 1 millimeter (mm) hauv qhov ntev. FIR hluav taws xob feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tshawb fawb txog hnub qub, kev tshawb nrhiav deb, thiab qee yam kev siv kho mob.

Daim duab qhia txog qhov ntev ntawm lub wavelength

NIR thiab SWIR ua ke qee zaum hu ua "reflected infrared", thaum MWIR thiab LWIR qee zaum hu ua "thermal infrared".

、 Kev siv ntawm infrared

Kev pom kev hmo ntuj

Infrared (IR) ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom siv pom kev hmo ntuj, ua rau pom thiab pom cov khoom hauv qhov chaw tsaus ntuj lossis qhov chaw tsaus ntuj. Cov khoom siv pom kev hmo ntuj ib txwm muaj, xws li cov tsom iav pom kev hmo ntuj lossis monoculars, ua kom lub teeb pom kev zoo dua, suav nrog cov hluav taws xob IR uas muaj. Cov khoom siv no siv lub photocathode los hloov cov photons tuaj, suav nrog IR photons, mus rau hauv electrons. Cov electrons ces raug nrawm thiab ua kom pom tseeb los tsim cov duab pom. Cov teeb pom kev infrared, uas tso tawm lub teeb IR, feem ntau raug koom ua ke rau hauv cov khoom siv no los txhim kho kev pom kev hauv qhov tsaus ntuj lossis qhov chaw tsaus ntuj uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob IR txaus.

Ib puag ncig tsis muaj teeb pom kev zoo

Thermography

Cov hluav taws xob infrared siv tau los txiav txim qhov kub ntawm cov khoom (yog tias paub qhov emissivity). Qhov no hu ua thermography, lossis yog tias cov khoom kub heev hauv NIR lossis pom nws hu ua pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev siv tub rog thiab kev lag luam tab sis cov thev naus laus zis no tau ncav cuag kev lag luam pej xeem hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov koob yees duab infrared ntawm tsheb vim tias cov nqi tsim khoom txo qis heev.

Cov ntawv thov thermal imaging

Cov hluav taws xob infrared siv tau los txiav txim qhov kub ntawm cov khoom (yog tias paub qhov emissivity). Qhov no hu ua thermography, lossis yog tias cov khoom kub heev hauv NIR lossis pom nws hu ua pyrometry. Thermography (thermal imaging) feem ntau yog siv rau hauv kev siv tub rog thiab kev lag luam tab sis cov thev naus laus zis no tau ncav cuag kev lag luam pej xeem hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov koob yees duab infrared ntawm tsheb vim tias cov nqi tsim khoom txo qis heev.

Cov koob yees duab thermographic ntes tau cov hluav taws xob hauv qhov ntau ntawm infrared ntawm electromagnetic spectrum (kwv yees li 9,000–14,000 nanometers lossis 9–14 μm) thiab tsim cov duab ntawm cov hluav taws xob ntawd. Vim tias cov hluav taws xob infrared raug tso tawm los ntawm txhua yam khoom raws li lawv qhov kub, raws li txoj cai hluav taws xob dub-lub cev, thermography ua rau nws muaj peev xwm "pom" ib tus neeg ib puag ncig nrog lossis tsis muaj lub teeb pom kev zoo. Qhov ntau ntawm cov hluav taws xob tso tawm los ntawm ib yam khoom nce ntxiv nrog qhov kub thiab txias, yog li ntawd thermography tso cai rau ib tus neeg pom kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias.

Kev thaij duab hyperspectral

Ib daim duab hyperspectral yog ib daim duab "duab" uas muaj cov spectrum txuas ntxiv mus txog ntau qhov spectral ntawm txhua pixel. Hyperspectral imaging tau txais qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev siv spectroscopy tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nrog NIR, SWIR, MWIR, thiab LWIR spectral regions. Cov ntawv thov ib txwm muaj xws li kev ntsuas biological, mineralogical, kev tiv thaiv, thiab kev ntsuas kev lag luam.

Daim duab hyperspectral

Kev thaij duab thermal infrared hyperspectral tuaj yeem ua tau zoo ib yam li siv lub koob yees duab thermographic, nrog rau qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb uas txhua pixel muaj tag nrho LWIR spectrum. Yog li ntawd, kev txheeb xyuas tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov khoom tuaj yeem ua tiav yam tsis tas yuav muaj lub teeb sab nraud xws li Lub Hnub lossis Lub Hli. Cov koob yees duab no feem ntau yog siv rau kev ntsuas geological, kev saib xyuas sab nraum zoov thiab kev siv UAV.

Kev ua cua sov

Cov hluav taws xob infrared (IR) yeej siv tau ua qhov chaw ua kom sov hauv ntau yam kev siv. Qhov no yog vim muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob IR los hloov cov cua sov ncaj qha rau cov khoom lossis cov chaw yam tsis tau ua kom cua sov ib puag ncig. Cov hluav taws xob infrared (IR) yeej siv tau ua qhov chaw ua kom sov hauv ntau yam kev siv. Qhov no yog vim muaj peev xwm ntawm cov hluav taws xob IR los hloov cov cua sov ncaj qha rau cov khoom lossis cov chaw yam tsis tau ua kom cua sov ib puag ncig.

Qhov chaw cua sov

Cov hluav taws xob infrared siv dav hauv ntau yam txheej txheem cua sov hauv kev lag luam. Piv txwv li, hauv kev tsim khoom, cov teeb IR lossis cov vaj huam sib luag feem ntau siv los ua kom sov cov khoom siv, xws li yas, hlau, lossis cov txheej txheem, rau kev kho, ziab, lossis kev tsim khoom. Cov hluav taws xob IR tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab coj ua kom raug, ua rau muaj kev cua sov zoo thiab sai hauv cov cheeb tsam tshwj xeeb.