Lenzi yekuona yemuchinaigirazi remakamera remuindasitiri rakagadzirirwa masisitimu ekuona kwemuchina. Basa rayo guru nderekuratidza mufananidzo wechinhu chatorwa mifananidzo pasensa yekamera kuti mifananidzo iunganidzwe otomatiki, igadziriswe uye iongororwe.
Inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muminda yakawanda yakadai sekuyera kwakanyatsojeka, kugadzira otomatiki, kuyedza kusingaparadze, uye kufamba kwemarobhoti.
1,Nheyo ye lenzi yekuona kwemuchina
Nheyo dzemalenzi ekuona kwemuchina dzinosanganisira kunyanya kufungidzira kwemaziso, geometric optics, physical optics nedzimwe nzvimbo, kusanganisira focal length, field of view, aperture nezvimwe zvinoyera mashandiro. Tevere, ngatidzidzei zvakawanda nezvenheyo dzemalenzi ekuona kwemuchina.
Nheyo dzemifananidzo yemaziso.
Nheyo yekufungidzira kwemaziso ndeyekuti lenzi inotarisa chiedza pa sensor kuburikidza nemapoka akawanda ema lenzi (senge ma lenzi emuchadenga nema lenzi emuchadenga) kuti igadzire mufananidzo wedhijitari wechinhu chacho.
Nzvimbo uye nzvimbo iri pakati peboka remalenzi munzira yekuona zvichakanganisa urefu hwemalenzi, nzvimbo yekuona, resolution uye mamwe maparamita ekushanda kwelenzi.
Nheyo dze geometric optics.
Nheyo ye geometric optics ye lenzi ndeyekutarisa chiedza chinoratidzwa kubva pachinhu chiri pamusoro pe sensor pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu ekuti mitemo yechiedza inoonekwa uye inodzorwa inozadzikiswa.
Mukuita uku, zvinodikanwa kukunda kusawirirana, kukanganiswa, kusawirirana kwechromatic nezvimwe zvinetso zvelenzi kuti uvandudze kunaka kwemifananidzo.
Nheyo dzekuona kwemuviri.
Pakuongorora mifananidzo ye lenzi uchishandisa misimboti ye physical optics, zvakakosha kufunga nezve mafungu uye kupindira kwechiedza. Izvi zvinokanganisa mashandiro e lenzi zvakaita se resolution, contrast, dispersion, nezvimwewo. Semuenzaniso, coatings pama lenzi dzinogona kugadzirisa matambudziko e reflection uye streaming uye kuvandudza kunaka kwemufananidzo.
Lenzi yekuona yemuchina
Kureba kwenzvimbo uye nzvimbo yekuona.
Kureba kwelenzi kunoreva daro riri pakati pechinhu nelenzi. Kunotara saizi yenzvimbo yekuona lenzi, kureva kuti, huwandu hwemifananidzo inogona kutorwa nekamera.
Kureba kwenzvimbo yekutarisa (focal length), nzvimbo yekuona (field of view) inova diki, uye kukura kwemufananidzo kunowedzera; kureba kwenzvimbo yekutarisa kupfupika, nzvimbo yekuona yakafara, uye kukura kwemufananidzo kushoma.
Kuvhura nekudzika kwemunda.
Aperture iburi rinogadziriswa riri mu lenzi rinodzora huwandu hwechiedza chinopfuura nepakati pe lenzi. Saizi ye aperture inogona kugadzirisa kudzika kwemunda (ndiko kuti, huwandu hwakajeka hwemifananidzo), izvo zvinokanganisa kupenya kwemufananidzo uye kunaka kwemifananidzo.
Kana gomo rakakura, chiedza chinopinda zvakanyanya uye kudzika kwemunda kunowedzera kudzika; kana gomo diki, chiedza chinopinda zvishoma uye kudzika kwemunda kunowedzera kudzika.
Kugadzirisa.
Kugadziriswa kunoreva daro diki rinogona kugadziriswa ne lenzi, uye rinoshandiswa kuyera kujeka kwemufananidzo we lenzi. Kugadziriswa kwacho kwakakwira, kunaka kwemufananidzo we lenzi kunowedzera.
Kazhinji, kana tichienzanisa, mhinduro yelenzi yekuona yemuchinainofanira kuenderana nemapikiseti e sensor, kuitira kuti mashandiro e system ye lens akwanise kushandiswa zvizere.
2,Basa remalenzi ekuona kwemuchina
Masisitimu ekuona kwemuchina anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mukugadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi, kugadzira zvinhu zvemaindasitiri nedzimwe nzvimbo. Sechinhu chakakosha kwazvo muhurongwa hwekuona, malenzi ekuona kwemuchina ane simba guru pakushanda uye mhedzisiro yehurongwa.
Mabasa makuru emalenzi ekuona kwemuchina ndeaya anotevera:
Fkana mufananidzo.
Sisitimu yekuona inounganidza ruzivo nezvechinhu chakanangana nacho kuburikidza nelenzi, uye lenzi inoisa chiedza chakaunganidzwa pasensa yekamera kuti igadzire mufananidzo wakajeka.
Mabasa emalenzi ekuona kwemuchina
Inopa maonero akajeka.
Nzvimbo yekuona lenzi ndiyo inosarudza saizi nenzvimbo yekuona chinhu chakanangana nacho chichaunganidzwa nekamera. Sarudzo yenzvimbo yekuona inoenderana nehurefu hwelenzi uye saizi yesensa yekamera.
Dzora chiedza.
Magirazi mazhinji ekuona kwemuchina ane maburi ekugadzirisa aperture ayo anodzora huwandu hwechiedza chinopinda mukamera. Basa iri rakakosha pakuwana mifananidzo yemhando yepamusoro pasi pemamiriro akasiyana echiedza.
Sarudza mhinduro.
Lenzi yakanaka inogona kupa mifananidzo yakajeka, yemhando yepamusoro ine ruzivo rwakajeka, izvo zvakakosha zvikuru pakuona nekuzivikanwa kwezvinhu nemazvo.
Kugadziriswa kwekukanganiswa kwelenzi.
Pakugadzira malenzi ekuona kwemuchina, kukanganiswa kuchagadziriswa kuitira kuti lenzi iwane mhedzisiro yechokwadi uye yakarurama panguva yekugadzirisa mifananidzo.
Kufungidzira zvakadzama.
Mamwe magirazi epamusoro anogona kupa ruzivo rwakadzama, izvo zvakakosha zvikuru pamabasa akadai sekuona zvinhu, kuziva, uye kuisa panzvimbo yazvo.
Pfungwa Dzekupedzisira:
ChuangAn akaita dhizaini yekutanga uye kugadzirwa kwemagirazi ekuona kwemuchina, iyo inoshandiswa mune zvese zvine chekuita nehurongwa hwekuona kwemuchina. Kana uchida kana kuti uchida malenzi ekuona kwemuchina, ndapota taura nesu nekukurumidza.
Nguva yekutumira: Chikumi-04-2024
