Kamera y'imodoka ni iki? Ni ibihe bisabwa ku buryo bwo kuyikoresha?

Kamera z'imodoka zikoreshwa cyane muriimodokaikoranabuhanga, kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha ibintu birimo kugenda bitandukana cyane, kuva ku nyandiko za mbere zo gutwara no guhindura amashusho kugeza ku kumenya neza, ADAS yafashije gutwara, nibindi. Kubwibyo, kamera z'imodoka zizwi kandi nka "amaso yo gutwara yigenga" kandi zabaye ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu bijyanye no gutwara yigenga.

1.Kamera y'imodoka ni iki?

Kamera y'imodoka ni igikoresho cyuzuye kigizwe n'ibice bitandukanye. Ibice by'ingenzi by'ibikoresho birimo lenses z'urumuri, sensors z'amashusho, serializers, poroseseri z'amashusho za ISP, connectors, nibindi.

Indorerwamo z'urumuri zishinzwe cyane cyane kwerekeza urumuri no kwerekana ibintu mu rwego rwo kureba hejuru y'icyuma gifata amashusho. Bitewe n'ibisabwa kugira ngo habeho ingaruka zo gufata amashusho, ibikenewe kugira ngo indorerwamo z'urumuri zibeindorerwamo z'amasonabyo biratandukanye.

Kimwe mu bice bigize kamera y'imodoka: lensi y'urumuri

Ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga bishobora gukoresha uburyo bwo guhindura amashanyarazi hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ry’amashanyarazi kugira ngo bihindure ishusho y’urumuri ku buso bushobora gufotora mo ikimenyetso cy’amashanyarazi gihuye n’ishusho y’urumuri. Bigabanyijemo ibice byinshi muri CCD na CMOS.

Imashini itunganya amashusho (ISP) ibona amakuru y’umutuku, icyatsi n’ubururu bivuye muri sensor, kandi igakora ibikorwa byinshi byo gukosora nko gukuraho ingaruka za mosaic, guhindura ibara, gukuraho guhindagurika kwa lens, no gukora neza gukanda amakuru. Ishobora kandi kurangiza guhindura imiterere ya videwo, gupima amashusho, kwerekana amashusho mu buryo bwikora, kwibanda ku buryo bwikora n’ibindi bikorwa.

Iyi serializer ishobora kohereza amakuru y'ishusho yatunganyijwe kandi ishobora gukoreshwa mu kohereza ubwoko butandukanye bw'amakuru y'ishusho nka RGB, YUV, n'ibindi. Iyi connector ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhuza no gutunganya kamera.

2.Ni ibihe bisabwa ku buryo kamera zikoresha imodoka zikora?

Kubera ko imodoka zikenera gukora mu kirere cyo hanze igihe kirekire kandi zigakenera kwihanganira ibidukikije bikomeye, kamera z'imodoka zisabwa kugira ngo zishobore gukomeza gukora neza mu bidukikije bigoye nko mu bushyuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe buke, guhindagura gukomeye, ubushuhe bwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. Kubwibyo, ibisabwa kuri kamera z'imodoka mu bijyanye n'uburyo zikorwa n'uburyo zizewe biri hejuru ugereranyije n'iby'inganda n'amakamera y'ubucuruzi.

Kamera y'imodoka iri mu bwato

Muri rusange, ibisabwa mu buryo kamera zikoresha imodoka birimo ahanini ibi bikurikira:

①Ubudahangarwa bw'ubushyuhe bwinshi

Kamera y'imodoka igomba kuba ishobora gukora neza mu ntera iri hagati ya -40℃ ~ 85℃ kandi ikabasha kwihanganira impinduka zikomeye z'ubushyuhe.

②Irwanya amazi

Gufunga kamera y'imodoka bigomba kuba bifunze cyane kandi bigomba gukoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe nyuma yo kuvomerwa mu mvura iminsi myinshi.

③Irwanya umutingito

Iyo imodoka iri mu muhanda utaringaniye, itera imitingito ikomeye, bityokamera y'imodokaigomba kuba ishobora kwihanganira imitingito y'ubukana butandukanye.

Kamera y'imodoka irwanya gutembera

④Antimagnetic

Iyo imodoka itangiye gukora, izakora imivuduko myinshi cyane ya electromagnetic, ibi bikaba bisaba ko kamera iri mu ndege igira ubushobozi bwo kurwanya magnetic bwinshi cyane.

⑤Urusaku ruto

Kamera irakenewe kugira ngo ihagarike urusaku mu rumuri ruto, cyane cyane ko kamera zireba inyuma kandi kamera zireba inyuma zisabwa gufata amashusho neza ndetse no mu ijoro.

⑥Imiterere ikomeye

Imodoka igenda vuba kandi imiterere y'urumuri kamera ihura narwo ihinduka cyane kandi kenshi, ibi bikaba bisaba ko CMOS ya kamera igira imiterere ihindagurika cyane.

⑦Inguni nini cyane

Bisabwa ko kamera ikikije uruhande igomba kuba ifite inguni nini cyane kandi inguni yo kureba itambitse irenga 135°.

⑧Ubuzima bwa serivisi

Ubuzima bwa serivisi yakamera y'imodokaagomba kuba afite nibura imyaka 8 kugeza ku 10 kugira ngo yuzuze ibisabwa.

Ibitekerezo bya nyuma:

Niba ushishikajwe no kugura ubwoko butandukanye bw'amalenzi yo kugenzura, gupima, indege zitagira abapilote, inzu igezweho, cyangwa ikindi kintu icyo ari cyo cyose, dufite ibyo ukeneye. Twandikire uyu munsi kugira ngo umenye byinshi ku malenzi yacu n'ibindi bikoresho.