Ikirahure cy’urumuri ni ubwoko bwihariye bw’ibikoresho by’ikirahure, kikaba ari kimwe mu bikoresho by’ingenzi by’ibanze mu gukora ibikoresho by’urumuri. Gifite imiterere myiza y’urumuri n’imiterere yihariye y’umubiri n’iya chimique, kandi kigira uruhare runini mu mikoreshereze itandukanye y’urumuri.

Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ikirahure cy'urumuri?

Ikirahure cy'urumuri gishobora gushyirwa mu byiciro bitandukanye hashingiwe ku bikorwa byihariye n'imiterere y'ibikoresho. Dore ubwoko butandukanye bw'ikirahure cy'urumuri:

1. Ikirahure cya silike

Ikirahuri cya silicate ni cyo gikunze kugaragara cyane mu kirahuri cy’urumuri, kandi igice cyacyo cy’ingenzi ni silicate, ari yo silicon dioxide, ubusanzwe irimo ibice nka boron oxide, sodium oxide, na magnesium oxide.

2. Ikirahure cy'icyuma gikozwe mu mashini

Ikirahure cy’ubutare bivuga ikirahure cy’ubutare gifite igipimo runaka cya okiside y’ubutare, gifite igipimo cyo hejuru cyo kurekura no gucucika kw’uburemere kandi gikunze gukoreshwa mu bikoresho by’ubutare nka telesikope na mikorosikopi.

3. Ikirahure cya Borosilicate

Ikirahure cya borosilicate cyongerwamo ahanini na okiside ya boroni, ifite igipimo cyo hejuru cyo kurekura urumuri n'imikorere mike yo gutatanya, kandi ikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora lenzi na prism.

Ubwoko bw'ikirahure cy'urumuri

4. Ikirahure cya Quartz

Igice cy'ingenzi cy'ikirahure cya quartz nacyo ni dioxyde silikoni, ifite imiterere myiza y'urumuri n'ubudahangarwa bw'imiti, ubu ikoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by'urumuri n'ibikoresho.

5. Ikirahuri cy'ubutaka kidasanzwe

Ikirahure cya Rare earth ni ikirahure cya optique cyakozwe no kongeramo ibintu bya rare earth, bishobora guhindura imiterere ya optique kandi bikunze gukoreshwa mu gukora ikoranabuhanga rigezweho nka lasers.

Itandukaniro riri hagati y'ikirahure cy'izuba n'ikirahure gisanzwe

Ugereranyije n'ikirahure gisanzwe, ikirahure cy'urumuri gitunganywa neza kandi ni icya kinyamwuga mu bijyanye no gutunganywa kw'ibikubiye mu gikoresho, uburyo gitegurwa, imikorere y'urumuri, n'ibindi. Itandukaniro nyamukuru ni iri:

Ubunini n'uburemere

Ikirahure cy’urumuri gisanzwe gifite ubugari buto n’uburemere bworoshye, bigatuma kiba cyiza mu gukora ibikoresho by’urumuri bigezweho. Ikirahure gisanzwe gishobora gukorwa gikomeye kandi kikarushaho kuba kinini bitewe n’uburyo gikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye.

Igice

Ikirahure cy’urumuri gisukuye cyane mu buryo bw’imiterere kandi kigacungwa neza, akenshi gitegurwa hakoreshejwe formula za shimi zihariye n’ibikoresho fatizo bifite isuku nyinshi kugira ngo kigere ku miterere y’urumuri yitezwe. Imiterere y’ikirahure gisanzwe yoroshye cyane, akenshi igizwe na silicates n’indi myanda.

Imiterere y'ikirahure gisanzwe

Uburyo bwo gutegura

Ikirahure gikoresha urumuri gisaba uburyo bwo gutegura neza, akenshi hakoreshejwe uburyo nko gushonga mu bushyuhe bwinshi, gutunganya ubushyuhe buva mu cyuma gishyushye, no gukonjesha neza kugira ngo habeho ubuziranenge n'imikorere myiza y'urumuri. Ikirahure gisanzwe muri rusange gikoresha uburyo busanzwe bwo gutegura ikirahure, kandi ikiguzi cyo kugitunganya ni gito.

Imikorere y'urumuri

Ikirahure cy’urumuri gifite imiterere nk’ikimenyetso cyo hejuru cyo kugaragara kw’urumuri, gutatana guke, no kugabanuka k’urumuri, kandi imikorere yacyo y’urumuri ni myiza cyane. Kubwibyo, ikirahure cy’urumuri gishobora gukoreshwa cyane mu bikoresho by’urumuri nka lenses, prisms, na filters z’urumuri kugira ngo habeho sisitemu nyayo z’urumuri.

Ariko, ikirahure gisanzwe gifite ubushobozi buke bwo gukoresha urumuri kandi muri rusange gikoreshwa mu mirima nk'ibikoresho bisanzwe n'ibikoresho by'ubwubatsi.