Nk'igice cy'ingenzi cya sisitemu zo kugenzura umutekano, imikorere yaIndorerwamo za CCTVbigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku ngaruka zo gukurikirana, kandi imikorere yazo iterwa ahanini n'ibipimo by'ingenzi. Kubwibyo, gusobanukirwa ibipimo bya lenzi za CCTV ni ngombwa.
1.Isesengura ry'ibipimo by'ingenzi byaIndorerwamo za CCTV
(1)Fuburebure bw'amaso
Uburebure bw'ifatizo ni kimwe mu bipimo by'ingenzi by'ikirahure, kigena ingano y'aho ureba, ni ukuvuga inguni y'aho ureba n'uburyo ishusho ikurikiranwa ikura. Muri rusange, uko uburebure bw'ifatizo buto, ni ko uburebure bw'aho ureba burushaho kuba bunini (inguni nini), kandi uko intera yo kugenzura irushaho kuba yegereye, bikwiye mu kureba amashusho manini hafi, nko mu kwinjira no gusohoka; uko uburebure bw'aho ureba burushaho kuba bunini, ni ko uburebure bw'aho ureba burushaho kuba buto (telephoto), kandi uko intera yo kugenzura irushaho kuba ndende, bikwiye mu kureba amafoto ya hafi kure.
Muri rusange, lenzi za CCTV zitanga amahitamo abiri y’uburebure bw’inyuma: uburebure bw’inyuma buhamye (lenzi y’uburebure bw’inyuma buhamye) n’uburebure bw’inyuma buhindagurika (lenzi yo kuzunguruka). Ubwoko butandukanye bw’uburebure bw’inyuma bukwiriye ibintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa. Urugero, lenzi z’uburebure bw’inyuma buhamye zifite uburebure bw’inyuma buhamye n’aho zigaragara, bigatuma zikwiriye gukurikiranwa buri munsi mu bihe bihamye.
(2)Umwobo
Ingano y'umwobo w'ikirahuri bigira ingaruka ku rugero rw'urumuri runyuramo. Umwobo munini wemerera urumuri rwinshi, bigatuma ukwiriye ahantu hadacana urumuri rwinshi ariko bigatuma uburebure bw'umurima bugabanuka. Umwobo muto wemerera urumuri ruke, bigatuma uburebure bw'umurima bugabanuka, bukwiriye urumuri rwinshi cyangwa ahantu hasaba ubukana muri rusange.
Umwobo ushobora kandi gutoranywa n'intoki cyangwa mu buryo bwikora. Umwobo ukoreshwa n'intoki muri rusange ukwiriye imiterere y'urumuri ihamye (ahantu ho mu nzu), mu gihe uwobo wikora ukwiriye ahantu hahora urumuri ruhindagurika kenshi (ahantu ho hanze).
Ingano y'icyuho igira ingaruka ku mubare w'abatsinze
(3)Ingano y'icyuma gipima
Ingano ya sensor yalentile, nka 1/1.8″ cyangwa 1/2.7″, igomba guhuza ingano ya sensor ya kamera kugira ngo hirindwe ibibazo byo gufata amashusho bishobora kwangiza ireme ry'igenzura.
(4)Aho ureba
Ikigero cyo kureba ni ikintu cy'ingenzi mu kugenzura umutekano w'amalenzi, kigena aho ilenzi ishobora gutwikira. Igabanyijemo impande zitambitse, zihagaze n'izigororotse. Ikigero cyo kureba ubusanzwe gihura n'uburebure bw'inyuma; uko uburebure bw'inyuma burushaho kuba bunini, ni ko ikigero cyo kureba kiba gito. Ku burebure bumwe bw'inyuma, uko ingano y'inyuma y'amajwi iba nini, ni ko ikigero cyo kureba kiba kinini.
(5)Umusozo
Ubushobozi bw'ikirahure cy'ifoto bugena ubukana bw'ifoto. Mu bihe bisanzwe, ubushobozi bw'ikirahure cy'ifoto bugomba guhuza n'ubushobozi bw'ikirahure cy'ifoto. Ikirahure cy'ifoto gifite ubushobozi bwo hejuru gishobora gutanga amashusho n'amashusho asobanutse neza, akwiriye ibintu bisaba kugenzura neza; mu gihe ikirahure cy'ifoto gifite ubushobozi bwo hasi gishobora gutuma amashusho adasobanutse neza.
(6) Gusozaubwoko
Indorerwamo za CCTV ziza ahanini mu bwoko bwa C-mount, CS-mount, na M12-mount. Ni ngombwa kumenya ko ubwoko bwa lens yatoranijwe bugomba kuba bujyanye n'ubwoko bwa kamera.
Indorerwamo za CCTV zifite ubwoko butandukanye bwo gushyiramo
2.Ibintu by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho mu guhitamoIndorerwamo ya CCTVs
Amahitamo yaIndorerwamo za CCTVigomba kuzirikana ibintu nk'intego yo gukurikirana, ibisabwa muri sisitemu, n'imiterere y'ibidukikije, kandi ikwiye gukurikiza izi ngingo z'ingenzi:
(1)Hitamo ukurikije uko intego yo gukurikirana ihagaze
Mu guhitamo lenzi za CCTV, ibintu nk'intera n'aho intego iherereye bigomba kwitabwaho. Guhitamo uburebure bukwiye bw'icyerekezo byemeza ko agace kagenzurwa gafite ubuziranenge. Urugero, lenzi zikoreshwa mu kugenzura umuhanda zisaba uburebure burebure bw'icyerekezo, mu gihe lenzi zikoreshwa mu kugenzura umurongo w'ibikorwa zisaba uburebure bugufi bw'icyerekezo.
(2)Hitamo ukurikije imiterere y'urumuri rw'agace kagenzurwa
Imiterere y'urumuri mu gace kagenzurwa igira ingaruka zikomeye ku guhitamo lens. Mu bidukikije bifite aho urumuri ruturuka cyangwa impinduka nke mu rumuri, nko mu bidukikije byo mu nzu, lens yo gupfuka intoki muri rusange irakwiriye. Mu bidukikije byo hanze bifite urumuri rutandukanye cyane, lens yo gupfuka igikoresho yikora niyo nziza. Ku bidukikije bifite urumuri ruto kandi bifite urumuri ruto, lens ifite umwanya munini niyo nziza; ku bidukikije bifite urumuri rukomeye, lens ifite umwanya muto niyo nziza.
(3)Hitamo ukurikije ingano za kamera
Ingano ya sensor ya lens yatoranijwe, ubushobozi bwo kureba, n'ibindi bipimo bigomba guhuza ingano ya sensor ya kamera. Urugero, kamera ifite sensor ya 1/2 santimetero igomba guhuzwa na lens ifite sensor ya 1/2 santimetero, naho kamera ifite pixels 4K igomba guhuzwa na lens ifite megapixels 8 cyangwa zirenga.
(4)Hitamo ukurikije aho ikoreshwa rikwiriye
Amahitamo yaIndorerwamo za CCTVkandi bigomba gushingira ku bidukikije kugira ngo lenzi ishobore guhuza n'ibikenewe mu bidukikije. Urugero, lenzi zikoreshwa mu mihanda minini, mu misozi miremire, n'ahandi, zigomba gutoranywa zishobora kwinjira mu bihu; lenzi zikoreshwa hanze cyangwa ahantu hashobora guterwa n'impanuka zigomba gutoranywa zifite uburinzi bwinshi nko kwirinda amazi n'umukungugu, kandi zishobora no gukenera ahantu hadakoreshwa nabi.
Hitamo lenzi za CCTV ukurikije uko zikwiriye gukoreshwa
(5)Hitamo ukurikije uko ibintu bishyirwaho n'uko bibungabungwa
Indorerwamo za CCTV zishobora kandi gutoranywa hashingiwe ku buryo bwo kuzishyiraho. Urugero, indorerwamo zihamye zitoranywa kugira ngo zishyirwe ahantu runaka kuko zitanga ituze rikomeye kandi zihendutse. Ku ndorerwamo zikoreshwa mu byuma bitwara abantu zikenera kugenzura kure hamwe na kamera za PTZ, indorerwamo zikoresha moteri zikunze kuba nziza kuko zitanga uburyo bwo kuzigenzura kure bworoshye.
3.Ingero zisanzwe zo gukoreshaIndorerwamo za CCTV
Indorerwamo za CCTV zifite uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, zigakubiyemo umutekano rusange, ubwikorezi, inganda, ubucuruzi, n'ibindi byinshi. Hasi hari uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha:
(1)Gukurikirana urufunguzo rw'imbere mu nzu
Indorerwamo za CCTVzikunze gukoreshwa mu kugenzura imbere mu nzu. Guhitamo lenzi biratandukanye bitewe n'ibyo abantu bakeneye mu bice bitandukanye byo mu nzu. Urugero, mu bibanza byo mu nzu nko mu biro no mu byumba by'inama, aho hakenewe kugenzura ahantu hatagaragara neza mu gihe hakirindwa ibanga, lenzi zifite imiterere migari akenshi zitoranywa kugira ngo zifate amashusho asobanutse neza afite ahantu hanini ho kureba. Gushyiraho lenzi bigomba kandi kuzirikana ubwiza n'ubwiza. Ku bice binini byo mu nzu nko mu maduka na supermarket, aho kugenzura bigomba gukorerwa ahantu hakomeye nko mu bubiko bw'amafaranga, mu dushami, no mu nzira, kandi bigasaba kumenya uko ibintu bigenda no gukurikirana abakozi, lenzi zifite imiterere yo hejuru, zifite umwanya munini, kandi zifite imiterere ihamye akenshi zitoranywa kugira ngo hatagira ahantu hatagaragara neza. Ku kugenzura ahantu hafungiranye nk'ameza n'ingazi, lenzi zifite imiterere migari cyane zikoreshwa mu kugenzura ahantu hagari kugira ngo zigenzurwe neza.
Indorerwamo za CCTV zikunze gukoreshwa mu kugenzura imbere mu nzu
(2)Gukurikirana ahantu hahurira abantu benshi
Kugira ngo hagenzurwe ahantu hanini hahurira abantu benshi nko kuri sitasiyo za gari ya moshi, ibibuga by'indege, n'amazu y'ubucuruzi, ni ngombwa kugenzura urujya n'uruza rw'abantu benshi no kumenya ibintu bidasanzwe n'ibibazo byihutirwa. Indorerwamo z'inguni nini n'izikoresha uburyo bwo gupima ubushyuhe akenshi zikoreshwa hamwe kugira ngo zigenzurwe neza kandi zishobore gufata amakuru arambuye.
(3)Imicungire n'igenzura ry'ibinyabiziga
Ku bijyanye no gucunga ibinyabiziga, kugenzura bigomba gukorwa nko mu mihanda isanzwe, aho abantu bahurira n’aho banyura, ndetse no mu nzira z’amazi. Bigomba kugenzura urujya n’uruza rw’imodoka, gufata ibitagenda neza, no kugenzura impanuka. Ubusanzwe bisaba gukoresha lentile za telephoto kugira ngo zifatwe kure. Mu ijoro cyangwa mu gihe cy’ikirere kibi, lentile zigomba kandi kugira imikorere yo gukosora infrared, bityo hakaba hakenewe cyane lentile zo ku manywa na nijoro.
(4)Gukurikirana umutekano mu mijyi
Gukurikirana umutekano mu mijyi isanzwe, harimo no gukurikirana ibintu bisanzwe nko mu mihanda, pariki, no mu duce dutandukanye, ubusanzwe bikoresha lenses zishobora kugenzura amasaha 24/7, kumenya isura no gusesengura imyitwarire.amajipohamwe n'ubushobozi bwa infrared ni byo bikunze gukoreshwa.
Indorerwamo za CCTV zikunze gukoreshwa mu kugenzura imijyi buri gihe
(5)Inganda napivugururamgukurikirana
Mu nganda, lenzi za CCTV zikoreshwa cyane cyane mu kugenzura imikorere y’imirongo n’ibikoresho byazo, umutekano w’abakozi, nibindi, kugira ngo kunoze imikorere n’umutekano w’umusaruro. Ubwoko butandukanye bw’lenzi, nka lenzi za telephoto na lenzi za zoom, bushobora gutoranywa mu bice bitandukanye byo kugenzura.
(6)Ubwengehome nahomesumutekanomgukurikirana
Imiryango myinshi ubu irimo gukoresha ibikoresho byo mu rugo bigezweho, nko kugenzura uburyo bwo kwinjira mu rugo n'inzogera z'amashusho, kandi irimo no gushyiramo kamera zo kugenzura mu ngo zabo. Izi kamera zo kugenzura mu rugo zikoresha lenzi zo mu jisho, lenzi zigaragara, n'ubundi bwoko bw'indorerwamo.
(7)Idasanzweeibidukikijemgukurikirana
Mu bidukikije bimwe na bimwe byihariye, nko gukumira inkongi z'umuriro mu mashyamba, mu turere duhana imbibi, no mu turere dukikije inyamaswa, hakenewe kugenzura intera ndende no mu gihe cy'ikirere cyose, aho akenshi hakoreshwa indorerwamo za telefoto, indorerwamo za infrared, n'izindi ngero z'indorerwamo.
Mu gusoza,Indorerwamo za CCTVzikoreshwa hafi ya buri gice cy'akazi kacu ka buri munsi no mu buzima bwacu, zitanga uburinzi bukomeye ku mutekano w'abaturage n'ituze. Bitewe n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga, kamera zigenzura umutekano zizakomeza kuvugururwa, zigatera imbere mu kuba abahanga kandi bafite imikorere myinshi.
Ibitekerezo bya nyuma:
Mu gukorana n'inzobere muri ChuangAn, haba mu gushushanya no gukora ibintu bikorwa n'abahanga mu by'ubuhanga. Mu rwego rwo kugura, uhagarariye ikigo ashobora gusobanura mu buryo burambuye amakuru yihariye yerekeye ubwoko bwa lens wifuza kugura. Uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa bya lens bya ChuangAn bikoreshwa mu buryo butandukanye, kuva ku kugenzura, gupima, indege zitagira abapilote, imodoka kugeza ku mazu agezweho, n'ibindi. ChuangAn ifite ubwoko butandukanye bwa lens zarangiye, zishobora no guhindurwa cyangwa guhindurwa bitewe n'ibyo ukeneye. Twandikire vuba bishoboka.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza 19-2025
