Izinto zeplastiki kunye nokubumba ngenaliti zisisiseko seelensi ezincinci. Ulwakhiwo lwelensi yeplastiki luquka izinto zelensi, ibherele yelensi, indawo yokufaka ilensi, isithuba, iphepha lomthunzi, izinto zeringi yoxinzelelo, njl.

Kukho iintlobo ngeentlobo zezinto zelensi zeelensi zeplastiki, zonke ezisisiseko ziyiplastiki (i-polymer ephezulu yeemolekyuli). Zii-thermoplastics, iiplastiki ezithambayo zibe yiplastiki xa zifudunyezwa, ziqine xa zipholile, kwaye zithamba xa zifudunyezwa kwakhona. Utshintsho olubonakalayo oluvelisa utshintsho oluguqukayo phakathi kweemeko zolwelo kunye neziqinileyo kusetyenziswa ukufudumeza nokupholisa. Ezinye izinto zaqalwa ngaphambili kwaye ezinye zintsha. Ezinye ziiplastiki ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi, kwaye ezinye izinto zizinto zeplastiki ezibonakalayo ezenziwe ngokukodwa, ezisetyenziswa ngakumbi kwezinye iindawo ze-optical.

Kuyilo lwe-optical, sinokubona amanqanaba ezinto ezibonakalayo kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-EP8000, i-K26R, i-APL5015, i-OKP-1 njalo njalo. Zonke zezohlobo oluthile lwezinto zeplastiki, kwaye ezi ntlobo zilandelayo zixhaphake kakhulu, kwaye siza kuzihlela ngokwexesha lokubonakala kwazo:

Iilensi zeplastiki

• l PMMA/Acrylic:I-Poly (methyl methacrylate), i-polymethyl methacrylate (plexiglass, acrylic). Ngenxa yexabiso layo eliphantsi, ukuhanjiswa okuphezulu, kunye namandla aphezulu oomatshini, i-PMMA yeyona ndawo ixhaphakileyo yeglasi ebomini. Uninzi lweeplastiki ezikhanyayo zenziwe nge-PMMA, ezinje ngeepleyiti ezikhanyayo, amacephe akhanyayo, kunye nee-LED ezincinci, ilensi njl. I-PMMA iveliswa ngobuninzi ukusukela ngeminyaka yoo-1930.
• PS:I-Polystyrene, i-polystyrene, yi-thermoplastic engenambala necacileyo, kunye neplastiki yobunjineli, eyaqala ukuveliswa ngobuninzi ngeminyaka yoo-1930. Uninzi lweebhokisi ezimhlophe zefoam kunye neebhokisi zesidlo sasemini eziqhelekileyo ebomini bethu zenziwe ngezinto ze-PS.
• Ikhompyutha:I-Polycarbonate, i-polycarbonate, ikwayi-thermoplastic engenambala necacileyo, kwaye ikwayiplastiki esetyenziswa ngokubanzi. Yaqala ukusebenza ngeminyaka yoo-1960. Ukumelana nempembelelo kwezinto zePC kulungile kakhulu, ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kubandakanya iibhakethi zokuhambisa amanzi, iiglasi, njl.njl.
• l I-COP kunye ne-COC:I-Cyclic olefin Polymer (COP), i-Cyclic olefin polymer; I-Cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) I-Cyclic olefin copolymer, sisixhobo se-polymer esicacileyo esingaguqukiyo esinesakhiwo seringi, esineebhondi ezimbini ze-carbon-carbon kwiringi. Ii-cyclic hydrocarbons zenziwe ngee-cyclic olefin monomers nge-self-polymerization (COP) okanye i-copolymerization (COC) kunye nezinye iimolekyuli (ezifana ne-ethylene). Iimpawu ze-COP kunye ne-COC ziphantse zifane. Le nto intsha. Xa yaqalwa ukusungulwa, yayijongwa kakhulu kwezinye izicelo ezinxulumene ne-optical. Ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu kwi-film, optical lens, display, medical (packaging bottle industry). I-COP yagqiba imveliso yemizi-mveliso malunga nowe-1990, kwaye i-COC yagqiba imveliso yemizi-mveliso ngaphambi kowe-2000.
• I-O-PET:Ifayibha ye-polyester ebonakalayo ye-optical polyester, i-O-PET, yathengiswa e-Osaka ngeminyaka yoo-2010.

Xa sihlalutya izinto ezibonakalayo, sixhalabele kakhulu iimpawu zazo ezibonakalayo nezoomatshini.

I-p ye-Opticaliiroperties

• Isalathisi sokuHlaziya kunye nokuSasazwa

Isalathisi sokuchasana kunye nokusasazwa

Kuyabonakala kulo mzobo ushwankathelweyo ukuba izinto ezahlukeneyo zeplastiki ezibonakalayo zahlulwe zibe zizithuba ezibini: iqela elinye liyi-refractive index ephezulu kunye ne-dispersion ephezulu; elinye iqela liyi-refractive index ephantsi kunye ne-dispersion ephantsi. Xa sithelekisa uluhlu olukhethiweyo lwe-refractive index kunye ne-dispersion yezinto zeglasi, siya kufumanisa ukuba uluhlu olukhethiweyo lwe-refractive index yezinto zeplastiki luncinci kakhulu, kwaye zonke izinto zeplastiki ezibonakalayo zine-refractive index ephantsi. Ngokubanzi, uluhlu lwezinto ezikhethiweyo zezinto zeplastiki luncinci, kwaye kukho malunga ne-10 ukuya kwi-20 kuphela yeendidi zezinto zorhwebo, nto leyo ethintela kakhulu inkululeko yoyilo lwe-optical ngokwezinto ezisetyenziswayo.

Isalathisi sokujika siyahluka ngokwe-wavelength: Isalathisi sokujika kwezinto zeplastiki ezibonakalayo siyanda ngokwe-wavelength, isalathisi sokujika siyancipha kancinci, kwaye iyonke izinzile.

Isalathisi sokujika sitshintsha ngobushushu be-Dn/DT: I-coefficient yobushushu besalathisi sokujika sijika kwiplastiki ye-optical inkulu ngokuphindwe ka-6 ukuya ku-50 kuneglasi, nto leyo ethetha ukuba njengoko ubushushu busanda, isalathisi sokujika siyancipha. Umzekelo, kwi-wavelength ye-546nm, -20°C ukuya ku-40°C, ixabiso le-dn/dT lezinto zeplastiki yi--8 ukuya ku--15X10^–5/°C, ngelixa ngokwahlukileyo, ixabiso lezinto zeglasi i-NBK7 yi-3X10^–6/°C.

• Uthumelo

Uthumelo

Ngokubhekiselele kulo mfanekiso, uninzi lweeplastiki ezikhanyayo zinokudluliselwa okungaphezulu kwe-90% kwibhendi yokukhanya ebonakalayo; zikwanayo nokudluliselwa okuhle kwiibhendi ze-infrared ezingama-850nm kunye ne-940nm, ezixhaphakileyo kwii-elektroniki zabathengi. Ukudluliselwa kwezinto zeplastiki kuya kuncipha ukuya kwinqanaba elithile ngokuhamba kwexesha. Isizathu esiphambili kukuba iplastiki ifunxa imisebe ye-ultraviolet elangeni, kwaye uthotho lweemolekyuli luyaqhekeka ukuze lonakale kwaye luqhagamshele, nto leyo ebangela utshintsho kwiimpawu zomzimba nezekhemikhali. Eyona nto ibonakalayo ye-macroscopic kukutshintsha kwento yeplastiki.

• Uxinzelelo lweBirefringence

Ukwahlulwa kwelensi

I-Stress birefringence (i-Birefringence) yipropathi ye-optical yezinto. I-refractive index yezinto inxulumene ne-polarization state kunye ne-propagation direction ye-incident light. Izinto zibonisa i-indices ezahlukeneyo ze-refraction kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo ze-polarization. Kwezinye iinkqubo, le refractive index deviation incinci kakhulu kwaye ayinampembelelo inkulu kwinkqubo, kodwa kwezinye iinkqubo ezikhethekileyo ze-optical, le refraction yanele ukubangela ukwehla okukhulu kokusebenza kwenkqubo.

Izinto zeplastiki ngokwazo azinazo iimpawu ze-anisotropic, kodwa ukubumba ngenaliti kwiiplastiki kuya kungenisa i-stress birefringence. Isizathu esiphambili kukuxinezeleka okungeniswa ngexesha lokubumba ngenaliti kunye nokulungiswa kwee-macromolecules zeplastiki emva kokupholisa. Ukuxinezeleka ngokubanzi kugxininiswe kufutshane ne-injection port, njengoko kubonisiwe kumfanekiso ongezantsi.

Umgaqo-nkqubo woyilo kunye nemveliso ngokubanzi kukunciphisa i-stress birefringence kwi-optical effective plane, efuna uyilo olufanelekileyo lwesakhiwo seelensi, i-injection molding mold kunye ne-production parameters. Phakathi kwezinto ezininzi, izinto zePC zithandwa kakhulu yi-stress birefringence (malunga ne-10 ubukhulu bezinto ze-PMMA), kwaye izinto ze-COP, COC, kunye ne-PMMA zine-stress birefringence ephantsi.