Ntlafatso le ts'ebeliso ea optics li thusitse bongaka ba sejoale-joale le mahlale a bophelo ho kena mohatong oa nts'etsopele e potlakileng, joalo ka opereishene e sa keneleng lintho tse ngata haholo, kalafo ea laser, tlhahlobo ea mafu, lipatlisiso tsa baeloji, tlhahlobo ea DNA, jj.

Ho Buoa le Pharmacokinetics

Karolo ea optics ho opereishene le pharmacokinetics e bonahala haholo-holo likarolong tse peli: khanya ea laser le in vivo le ho nka litšoantšo.

1. Tšebeliso ea laser e le mohloli oa matla

Khopolo ea phekolo ea laser e ile ea hlahisoa opereisheneng ea mahlo lilemong tsa bo-1960. Ha mefuta e fapaneng ea laser le thepa ea eona e ne e tsejoa, phekolo ea laser e ile ea atolosoa ka potlako ho ea mafapheng a mang.

Mehloli e fapaneng ea leseli la laser (khase, solid, jj.) e ka ntša li-laser tse pulsed (Pulsed Lasers) le li-laser tse tsoelang pele (Continuous wave), tse nang le litlamorao tse fapaneng liseleng tse fapaneng tsa 'mele oa motho. Mehloli ena ea leseli e kenyelletsa haholo-holo: pulsed ruby ​​​​laser (Pulsed ruby ​​​​laser); continuous argon ion laser (CW argon ion laser); continuous carbon dioxide laser (CW CO2); yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Hobane laser e tsoelang pele ea carbon dioxide le yttrium aluminium garnet laser li na le phello ea ho hoama ha mali ha li seha lisele tsa motho, li sebelisoa haholo opereisheneng e akaretsang.

Bolelele ba maqhubu a laser a sebelisoang kalafong ea bongaka ka kakaretso bo feta 100 nm. Ho monngoa ha mahlaseli a maqhubu a fapaneng liseleng tse fapaneng tsa 'mele oa motho ho sebelisoa ho atolosa lits'ebetso tsa eona tsa bongaka. Mohlala, ha bolelele ba maqhubu a laser bo feta 1um, metsi ke monya oa mantlha. Li-laser ha li hlahise feela litlamorao tsa mocheso ho monyeng oa lisele tsa motho bakeng sa ho seha le ho hoama ha opereishene, empa hape li hlahisa litlamorao tsa mechini.

Haholo-holo ka mora hore batho ba fumane ditlamorao tsa mechine tse seng tsa mola tsa laser, tse kang ho hlahisa dipululana tsa cavitation le maqhubu a kgatello, laser e ile ya sebediswa mekgweng ya ho senya lesedi, jwalo ka opereishene ya cataract le opereishene ya dikhemikhale e pshatlang lejwe la liphio. Laser e ka boela ya hlahisa ditlamorao tsa photochemical ho tataisa meriana ya kankere ka di-mediator tse utlwang lesedi ho lokolla ditlamorao tsa meriana dibakeng tse itseng tsa dinama, jwalo ka kalafo ya PDT. Laser e kopantsweng le pharmacokinetics e bapala karolo ya bohlokwa haholo lefapheng la bongaka bo nepahetseng.

2. Tšebeliso ea leseli e le sesebelisoa sa ho bonesa le ho etsa litšoantšo ka har'a 'mele

Ho tloha lilemong tsa bo-1990, CCD (E kopantsoeng ka litefiso)Khamera ea sesebelisoa (Device) e ile ea kenngoa opereisheneng e sa keneleng metsi haholo (Minimally Invasive Therapy, MIT), 'me optics e bile le phetoho ea boleng lits'ebetsong tsa opereishene. Litlamorao tsa litšoantšo tsa leseli opereisheneng e sa keneleng metsi haholo le e bulehileng li kenyelletsa haholo-holo li-endoscope, litsamaiso tsa litšoantšo tse nyane, le litšoantšo tsa holographic tsa opereishene.

E tenyetsehaEndoscope, ho kenyeletsoa gastroenteroscope, duodenoscope, colonoscope, angioscope, jj.

Tsela ea optical ea endoscope

Tsela ea mahlo ea endoscope e kenyelletsa litsamaiso tse peli tse ikemetseng le tse hokahaneng tsa khanya le litšoantšo.

E tiileEndoscope, ho kenyeletsoa arthroscopy, laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, ventriculoscopy, hysteroscopy, cystoscopy, otolinoscopy, jj.

Hangata li-endoscope tse thata li na le likhutlo tse 'maloa tse tsitsitseng tsa tsela ea optical tseo u ka khethang ho tsona, joalo ka likhato tse 30, likhato tse 45, likhato tse 60, jj.

Khamera e nyane ea 'mele ke sesebelisoa sa ho nka litšoantšo se thehiloeng sethaleng se senyenyane sa theknoloji ea CMOS le CCD. Mohlala, endoscope ea capsule,PillCam. E ka kena tsamaisong ea tšilo ea lijo ea 'mele oa motho ho hlahloba liso le ho beha leihlo liphello tsa lithethefatsi.

Endoscope ea capsule

Microscope ea holographic ea opereishene, sesebelisoa sa ho nka litšoantšo se sebelisetsoang ho bona litšoantšo tsa 3D tsa lisele tse tšesaane opereisheneng e nepahetseng, joalo ka opereishene ea methapo bakeng sa craniotomy.

Microscope ea holographic ea opereishene

Akaretsa:

1. Ka lebaka la phello ea mocheso, phello ea mechine, phello ea ho utloa khanya ha letsatsi le litlamorao tse ling tsa baeloji tsa laser, e sebelisoa haholo e le mohloli oa matla opereisheneng e sa hlaseleng haholo, kalafong e sa hlaseleng le kalafong ea meriana e reretsoeng.

2. Ka lebaka la ntshetsopele ya theknoloji ya ditshwantsho, disebediswa tsa ditshwantsho tsa mahlo tsa bongaka di hatetse pele haholo ka lehlakoreng la qeto e phahameng le ho etsa hore ditshwantsho di be nyane, di thehile motheo wa opereishene e sa keneleng metsi haholo le e nepahetseng mmeleng. Hona jwale, disebediswa tsa ditshwantsho tsa bongaka tse sebediswang haholo di kenyeletsali-endoscope, litšoantšo tsa holographic le litsamaiso tsa litšoantšo tse nyane.