NDVI imayimira Normalized Difference Vegetation Index. Ndi chizindikiro chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pofufuza zakutali ndi ulimi kuti chiwunikire ndikuyang'anira thanzi ndi mphamvu za zomera.NDVIimayesa kusiyana pakati pa magulu ofiira ndi apafupi ndi infrared (NIR) a electromagnetic spectrum, omwe amajambulidwa ndi zipangizo zowonera kutali monga ma satellite kapena ma drones.

Njira yowerengera NDVI ndi iyi:

NDVI = (NIR – Yofiira) / (NIR + Yofiira)

Mu fomula iyi, gulu la NIR likuyimira kuwunikira kwapafupi ndi infrared, ndipo gulu lofiira likuyimira kuwunikira kofiira. Ma mtengo ake amayambira pa -1 mpaka 1, ndipo ma mtengo apamwamba akuwonetsa zomera zathanzi komanso zokhuthala, pomwe ma mtengo otsika akuyimira zomera zochepa kapena nthaka yopanda kanthu.

Nthano ya NDVI

NDVI imachokera pa mfundo yakuti zomera zathanzi zimawonetsa kuwala kwapafupi ndi infrared ndipo zimayamwa kuwala kofiira kwambiri. Poyerekeza magulu awiriwa,NDVIamatha kusiyanitsa bwino mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nthaka ndikupereka chidziwitso chofunikira chokhudza kuchuluka kwa zomera, momwe zimakulira, komanso thanzi lonse.

Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu ulimi, nkhalango, kuyang'anira zachilengedwe, ndi minda ina kuti ayang'anire kusintha kwa zomera pakapita nthawi, kuwunika thanzi la mbewu, kuzindikira madera omwe akhudzidwa ndi chilala kapena matenda, komanso kuthandizira zisankho zoyendetsera nthaka.

Kodi NDVI ingagwiritsidwe ntchito bwanji mu ulimi?

NDVI ndi chida chamtengo wapatali paulimi chowunikira thanzi la mbewu, kukonza bwino kayendetsedwe ka chuma, komanso kupanga zisankho zolondola. Nazi njira zina zomwe NDVI ingagwiritsidwe ntchito paulimi:

Kuwunika Umoyo wa Mbeu:

NDVI ikhoza kupereka chidziwitso pa thanzi lonse ndi mphamvu za mbewu. Mwa kusunga deta ya NDVI nthawi zonse pa nyengo yolima, alimi amatha kuzindikira madera omwe ali ndi vuto kapena kukula kosayenera kwa zomera. Kuchepa kwa NDVI kungasonyeze kusowa kwa michere, matenda, kufooka kwa madzi, kapena kuwonongeka kwa tizilombo. Kuzindikira msanga mavutowa kumathandiza alimi kuchitapo kanthu kokonza, monga kuthirira, feteleza, kapena kuwongolera tizilombo.

Kugwiritsa ntchito NDVI mu ulimi

Kuneneratu za Zokolola:

Deta ya NDVI yomwe yasonkhanitsidwa nthawi yonse yolima ingathandize kuneneratu zokolola za mbewu.NDVIKuchuluka kwa zinthu m'minda kapena madera osiyanasiyana m'munda, alimi amatha kuzindikira madera omwe ali ndi zokolola zambiri kapena zochepa. Izi zingathandize pakugawa bwino chuma, kusintha kuchuluka kwa zomera, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito njira zolondola zaulimi kuti ziwonjezere zokolola zonse.

Kusamalira Ulimi Wothirira:

NDVI ingathandize pakuwongolera njira zothirira. Mwa kuyang'anira kuchuluka kwa NDVI, alimi amatha kudziwa zosowa za madzi m'minda ndikupeza madera omwe madzi sathirira kwambiri kapena osathirira mokwanira. Kusunga chinyezi chokwanira m'nthaka kutengera deta ya NDVI kungathandize kusunga madzi, kuchepetsa ndalama zothirira, komanso kupewa kupsinjika kwa madzi kapena kudzaza madzi m'zomera.

Kusamalira Feteleza:

NDVI ikhoza kutsogolera kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza. Polemba miyeso ya NDVI m'munda, alimi amatha kuzindikira madera omwe ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana za michere. Miyeso yapamwamba ya NDVI imasonyeza zomera zathanzi komanso zomwe zikukula mwamphamvu, pomwe miyeso yotsika ingasonyeze kusowa kwa michere. Pogwiritsa ntchito feteleza molondola kwambiri potengera momwe NDVI imagwiritsira ntchito mosinthasintha, alimi amatha kusintha momwe michere imagwiritsidwira ntchito bwino, kuchepetsa kuwononga feteleza, ndikulimbikitsa kukula bwino kwa zomera.

Kuyang'anira Matenda ndi Tizilombo:NDVI ingathandize kuzindikira matenda kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda msanga. Zomera zosalimba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi NDVI yotsika poyerekeza ndi zomera zathanzi. Kuyang'anira NDVI nthawi zonse kungathandize kuzindikira madera omwe angakhale ndi mavuto, zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale njira zoyenera zowongolera matenda kapena njira zowongolera tizilombo.

Kujambula Mapu a Minda ndi Kugawa Malo:Deta ya NDVI ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mamapu a zomera mwatsatanetsatane m'minda, zomwe zimathandiza alimi kuzindikira kusiyana kwa thanzi la mbewu ndi mphamvu zake. Mamapu awa angagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga madera oyang'anira, komwe zochita zinazake, monga kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zosiyanasiyana, zitha kuchitika kutengera zosowa za madera osiyanasiyana m'munda.

Kuti agwiritse ntchito bwino NDVI mu ulimi, alimi nthawi zambiri amadalira ukadaulo wozindikira kutali, monga zithunzi za satellite kapena ma drones, okhala ndi masensa ambiri otha kujambula magulu ofunikira a spectral. Zipangizo zapadera zamapulogalamu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonza ndikusanthula deta ya NDVI, zomwe zimathandiza alimi kupanga zisankho zolondola pankhani yosamalira mbewu.

Ndi magalasi a kamera otani omwe ali oyenera NDVI??

Pojambula zithunzi za NDVI, ndikofunikira kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi apadera a kamera omwe ali oyenera kujambula magulu ofunikira a spectral. Nazi mitundu iwiri yodziwika bwino ya magalasi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito paNDVIntchito:

Magalasi Owala Ooneka Bwinobwino:

Lenzi yamtunduwu imagwira ntchito yowunikira (nthawi zambiri kuyambira ma nanometer 400 mpaka 700) ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito kujambula mzere wofiira wofunikira pakuwerengera NDVI. Lenzi yowunikira yodziwika bwino ndiyoyenera izi chifukwa imalola kujambula kuwala kofiira komwe zomera zimawunikira.

Magalasi a Pafupi ndi Infrared (NIR):

Kuti mujambule gulu la near-infrared (NIR), lomwe ndi lofunikira pakuwerengera kwa NDVI, lenzi yapadera ya NIR ikufunika. Lenzi iyi imalola kujambula kuwala komwe kuli pafupi ndi infrared (nthawi zambiri kuyambira 700 mpaka 1100 nanometers). Ndikofunikira kuonetsetsa kuti lenziyo imatha kujambula kuwala kwa NIR molondola popanda kusefa kapena kusokoneza.

Magalasi ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa ntchito za NDVI

Nthawi zina, makamaka pa ntchito zaukadaulo zowunikira kutali, makamera a multispectral amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Makamera awa ali ndi masensa kapena zosefera zingapo zomwe zimajambula magulu enaake a spectral, kuphatikizapo magulu ofiira ndi a NIR ofunikira pa NDVI. Makamera a multispectral amapereka deta yolondola komanso yolondola kwambiri pakuwerengera kwa NDVI poyerekeza ndi kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi osiyana pa kamera yowunikira yodziwika bwino.

Ndikofunika kudziwa kuti mukamagwiritsa ntchito kamera yosinthidwa kuti muwunikenso NDVI, pomwe fyuluta yamkati ya kamera yasinthidwa kuti ilole kujambula kwa NIR, magalasi enaake okonzedwa kuti agwire kuwala kwa NIR sangakhale ofunikira.

Pomaliza, NDVI yakhala chida chamtengo wapatali paulimi, chomwe chimalola alimi kupeza chidziwitso chofunikira pa thanzi la mbewu, kukonza kasamalidwe ka chuma, ndikupanga zisankho zozikidwa pa deta. Chifukwa cha kufunikira kowonjezereka kwa kusanthula kolondola komanso kogwira mtima kwa NDVI, ndikofunikira kukhala ndi zida zodalirika zomwe zimagwira bwino ntchito yowunikira ma spectral bands ofunikira.

Ku ChuangAn, timamvetsetsa kufunika kwa ukadaulo wapamwamba kwambiri wojambulira zithunzi mu mapulogalamu a NDVI. Ndicho chifukwa chake tikunyadira kuyambitsaLenzi ya NDVIes. Yopangidwa makamaka kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito paulimi, lenzi yathu idapangidwa kuti ijambule mikanda yofiira ndi ya infrared molondola komanso momveka bwino.

Kusintha kwa kamera ya NDVI

Lenzi yathu ya NDVI yokhala ndi ma optics apamwamba komanso zokutira ma lenzi zapamwamba, imatsimikizira kuti kuwala sikusinthasintha kwambiri, kupereka zotsatira zodalirika komanso zogwirizana ndi mawerengedwe a NDVI. Kugwirizana kwake ndi makamera osiyanasiyana komanso kuphatikiza kwake kosavuta kumapangitsa kuti ikhale chisankho chabwino kwa ofufuza zaulimi, akatswiri a zaulimi, ndi alimi omwe akufuna kukweza kusanthula kwawo kwa NDVI.

Ndi lenzi ya NDVI ya ChuangAn, mutha kutsegula luso lonse la ukadaulo wa NDVI, zomwe zimakupatsani mphamvu zopangira zisankho zodziwa bwino za kasamalidwe ka ulimi wothirira, kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza, kuzindikira matenda, komanso kukonza bwino zokolola. Dziwani kusiyana kwa kulondola ndi magwiridwe antchito ndi lenzi yathu ya NDVI yapamwamba kwambiri.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri za lenzi yathu ya NDVI ya ChuangAn ndikuwona momwe ingathandizire kusanthula kwanu kwa NDVI, pitani patsamba lathu.https://www.opticslens.com/ndvi-lenses-product/.

Sankhani ChuangAn'sMagalasi a NDVIndipo pititsani patsogolo kuyang'anira ndi kusanthula kwanu kwaulimi. Dziwani zambiri za mwayi pogwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wathu wapamwamba wojambulira zithunzi.