Ko ngā karāhe tirohanga karapoti he raupapa karāhe whānui rawa atu e tuku ana i te koki tirohanga tae atu ki te 235 nekehanga. E wātea ana i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga ahua rerekē hei taurite i ngā pūoko rahi rerekē, pērā i te 1/4″, 1/3″, 1/2.3″, 1/2.9″, 1/2.3″ me te 1/1.8″. E wātea ana hoki i roto i ngā roa arotahi rerekē mai i te 0.98mm ki te 2.52mm. He hoahoa karāhe katoa ēnei karāhe, ā, e tautoko ana i ngā kāmera taumira teitei. Hei tauira, ko CH347, e tautoko ana i te taumira tae atu ki te 12.3MP. He pai te whakamahinga o ēnei karāhe whānui rawa atu mō te tirohanga karapoti waka.

Ko te Pūnaha Tirohanga Hurihuri (e mōhiotia ana ko te Aroturuki Tirohanga Hurihuri, ko te Tirohanga Kanohi Manu rānei) he hangarau e whakamahia ana i roto i ētahi waka hou hei whakarato i te tirohanga 360-tohu ki te taraiwa o te taiao o te waka. Ka tutukihia tēnei mā te whakamahi i ngā kāmera maha e mau ana ki mua, ki muri, me ngā taha o te waka, e whakarato ana i te whāngai ataata ora ki te whakaaturanga whakangahau o te waka.
Ka hopukina e ngā kāmera ngā whakaahua o te taiao tata o te waka, ā, ka whakamahia ngā rauropi tukatuka whakaahua hei hono i tētahi tirohanga whānui o te taiao o te waka. Mā tēnei ka taea e te taraiwa te kite i ngā arai, i ngā kaihaerere, me ētahi atu waka mai i te tirohanga whānui, ka taea ai e rātou te whakahaere i te waka i ngā wāhi kuiti, i te wā e tū ana rānei.
Ko ngā Pūnaha Tirohanga Taiao he mea kitea i ngā waka papai, ahakoa kei te piki haere te rongonui i ngā tauira waenga-rahi. He tino whai hua ēnei mō ngā taraiwa hou ki te taraiwa, kāore rānei i te pai ki ngā nekenekehanga kuiti, nā te mea ka nui ake te tirohanga me te mōhio ki ngā āhuatanga.

Ko ngā karāhe arotahi e whakamahia ana i roto i ēnei pūnaha he karāhe arotahi whānui me te whānuitanga tirohanga tata ki te 180 nekehanga.
Ka rerekē pea te momo arotahi e whakamahia ana i runga i te pūnaha tirohanga karapoti me te kaihanga. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e ētahi pūnaha ngā arotahi kanohi ika, arā, he arotahi whānui rawa atu ka taea te hopu i tētahi ahua porowhita. Tērā pea ka whakamahia e ētahi atu pūnaha ngā arotahi tapawhā, arā, he arotahi whānui e whakaiti ana i te hē me te whakaputa rārangi tika.
Ahakoa te momo arotahi motuhake e whakamahia ana, he mea nui kia teitei te taumira me te kounga o ngā whakaahua o ngā arotahi i roto i ngā pūnaha tirohanga karapoti kia mārama ai, kia tika ai hoki te tirohanga o te waka e karapoti ana i a rātou. Ka taea e tēnei te āwhina i ngā taraiwa ki te whakatere i ngā wāhi kuiti me te karo i ngā arai i a rātou e tū ana i te waka, e taraiwa ana rānei i ngā wāhi kīkī.