ʻO Ge Crystal

ʻO ka "Ge crystal" maʻamau e pili ana i kahi crystal i hana ʻia mai ka element germanium (Ge), he mea semiconductor ia. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Germanium ma ke kahua o nā optics infrared a me nā photonics ma muli o kona mau waiwai kūikawā.

Eia kekahi mau ʻano koʻikoʻi o nā kristal germanium a me kā lākou noi:

1. Nā Puka makani a me nā Lenses InfraredʻAkaʻaka ka Germanium ma ka ʻāpana infrared o ka spectrum electromagnetic, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā pae infrared nalu waena a me nā nalu lōʻihi. ʻO kēia waiwai e kūpono ai no ka hana ʻana i nā puka makani a me nā aniani i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻōnaehana kiʻi wela, nā kāmela infrared, a me nā mea hana optical ʻē aʻe e hana ana i nā nalu infrared.
2. Nā mea ʻikeHoʻohana ʻia ʻo Germanium ma ke ʻano he substrate no ka hana ʻana i nā mea ʻike infrared, e like me nā photodiodes a me nā photoconductors. Hiki i kēia mau mea ʻike ke hoʻololi i ka radiation infrared i kahi hōʻailona uila, e hiki ai ke ʻike a me ke ana ʻana o ka mālamalama infrared.
3. ʻIkepiliHoʻohana ʻia nā kristal Germanium i nā mea hana spectroscopy infrared. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia lākou e like me nā beamsplitters, prisms, a me nā puka makani e hoʻoponopono a kālailai i ka mālamalama infrared no ka loiloi kemika a me nā mea.
4. Nā ʻIke LaserHiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka Germanium ma ke ʻano he mea optical i loko o kekahi mau lasers infrared, ʻoiai nā mea e hana ana ma ka pae mid-infrared. Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻonui a i ʻole he ʻāpana i loko o nā lua laser.
5. Lewa a me ka HōkūHoʻohana ʻia nā kristal Germanium i nā telescope infrared a me nā hale kiaʻi lewa no ke aʻo ʻana i nā mea lani e hoʻopuka ana i ka radiation infrared. Kōkua lākou i nā mea noiʻi e hōʻiliʻili i ka ʻike waiwai e pili ana i ke ao holoʻokoʻa i ʻike ʻole ʻia i ka mālamalama ʻike ʻia.

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā kristal Germanium me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me ke ʻano Czochralski (CZ) a i ʻole ke ʻano Float Zone (FZ). Pili kēia mau kaʻina hana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka germanium ma ke ʻano i kāohi ʻia e hana i nā kristal hoʻokahi me nā waiwai kikoʻī.

He mea nui e hoʻomaopopo ʻoiai he mau waiwai kūikawā ko ka germanium no nā optics infrared, ua kaupalena ʻia kona hoʻohana ʻana e nā mea e like me ke kumukūʻai, ka loaʻa ʻana, a me kona laulā hoʻoili haiki i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau mea infrared ʻē aʻe e like me ka zinc selenide (ZnSe) a i ʻole zinc sulfide (ZnS). ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka mea e pili ana i ka noi kikoʻī a me nā koi o ka ʻōnaehana optical.