Ilensi yombono womatshiniyilensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso eyenzelwe ngokukodwa iinkqubo zokubona koomatshini. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukubonisa umfanekiso wento efotwe kwisenzi sekhamera ukuze kuqokelelwe, kucutshungulwe kwaye kuhlalutywe ngokuzenzekelayo umfanekiso.
Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwiindawo ezininzi ezifana nokulinganisa okuchanekileyo, ukuhlanganisa ngokuzenzekelayo, uvavanyo olungonakalisiyo, kunye nokuhamba kweerobhothi.
1,Umgaqo webhulorho yombono womatshini
Imigaqo yeelensi zokubona komatshini ibandakanya ikakhulu imifanekiso ye-optical, i-geometric optics, i-physical optics kunye nezinye iindawo, kubandakanya ubude be-focal, i-field of view, i-aperture kunye nezinye iiparameter zokusebenza. Okulandelayo, makhe sifunde ngakumbi ngemigaqo yeelensi zokubona komatshini.
Imigaqo yokujonga imifanekiso.
Umgaqo womfanekiso we-optical kukuba ilensi igxila ukukhanya kwi-sensor ngokusebenzisa amaqela amaninzi eelensi (njengeelensi zesithuba kunye neelensi zesithuba sezinto) ukuvelisa umfanekiso wedijithali wento leyo.
Indawo kunye nendawo ebekwe kuyo iqela leelensi kwindlela ye-optical iya kuchaphazela ubude be-focal, intsimi yokujonga, isisombululo kunye nezinye iiparameter zokusebenza kwelensi.
Imigaqo ye-geometric optics.
Umgaqo we-geometric optics yelensi kukujolisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo okuvela kwinto ethile kumphezulu wesenzi phantsi kweemeko apho imithetho yokukhanya kunye nokukhanyela ukukhanya iyaneliswa.
Kule nkqubo, kuyimfuneko ukoyisa ukuphambuka, ukuphazamiseka, ukuphambuka kwe-chromatic kunye nezinye iingxaki zelensi ukuphucula umgangatho womfanekiso.
Imigaqo ye-physical optics.
Xa kuhlalutywa imifanekiso yelensi kusetyenziswa imigaqo ye-physical optics, kuyimfuneko ukuqwalasela uhlobo lwamaza kunye neziganeko zokuphazamiseka kokukhanya. Oku kuya kuchaphazela iiparameter zokusebenza kwelensi ezifana nesisombululo, umahluko, ukusasazwa, njl. Umzekelo, ukugqunywa kweelensi kunokujongana nemiba yokuqaqamba kunye nokusasazeka kwaye kuphucule umgangatho womfanekiso.
Ilensi yokubona yomatshini
Ubude befokushini kunye nommandla wombono.
Ubude befocal yelensi bubhekisa kumgama ophakathi kwento kunye nelensi. Bumisela ubungakanani bommandla wombono welensi, oko kukuthi, uluhlu lwemifanekiso enokuthi ithathwe yikhamera.
Okukhona ubude befocal bude, kokukhona intsimi yokujonga incipha, kwaye kokukhona ukwandiswa komfanekiso kukhulu; okukhona ubude befocal bufutshane, kokukhona intsimi yokujonga ibanzi, kwaye kokukhona ukwandiswa komfanekiso kuncinci.
Ukuvulwa kwesithuba kunye nobunzulu bentsimi.
Umngxuma ngumngxuma ohlengahlengiswayo kwilensi olawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okudlula kwilensi. Ubungakanani bomngxuma bunokulungisa ubunzulu bentsimi (oko kukuthi, uluhlu olucacileyo lwemifanekiso), oluchaphazela ukukhanya komfanekiso kunye nomgangatho wemifanekiso.
Okukhona umngxuma umkhulu, kokukhona kungena ukukhanya okuninzi, kokukhona ubunzulu bentsimi busiba nzulu; kokukhona umngxuma uncinci, kokukhona kungena ukukhanya okuncinci, kokukhona bunzulu bentsimi busiba nzulu.
Isisombululo.
Isisombululo sibhekisa kumgama omncinci onokusonjululwa yilensi, kwaye sisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukucaca komfanekiso walensi. Okukhona isisombululo siphezulu, kokukhona umgangatho womfanekiso walensi ungcono.
Ngokubanzi, xa kuthelekiswa, isisombululo seilensi yombono womatshinikufuneka ifane neepikseli zesensor, ukuze ukusebenza kwenkqubo yelensi kusetyenziswe ngokupheleleyo.
2,Umsebenzi welensi yombono womatshini
Iinkqubo zokubona koomatshini zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwimveliso ye-elektroniki, kwimveliso yemizi-mveliso nakwezinye iindawo. Njengenxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu yenkqubo yokubona, iilensi zokubona koomatshini zinempembelelo enkulu ekusebenzeni nakwimiphumo yenkqubo.
Imisebenzi ephambili yeelensi zombono womatshini yile ilandelayo:
Fokanye umfanekiso.
Inkqubo yokubona iqokelela ulwazi malunga nento ekujoliswe kuyo ngelensi, kwaye ilensi igxila ukukhanya okuqokelelweyo kwisenzi sekhamera ukuze yenze umfanekiso ocacileyo.
Imisebenzi yeelensi zokubona komatshini
Ibonelela ngembono entle.
Ibala lembono yelensi limisela ubungakanani kunye nebala lembono yento ekujoliswe kuyo eza kuqokelelwa yikhamera. Ukukhetha ibala lembono kuxhomekeke kubude be-focal yelensi kunye nobukhulu be-sensor yekhamera.
Lawula ukukhanya.
Iilensi ezininzi zokubona koomatshini zinokulungiswa kwe-aperture okulawula ubungakanani bokukhanya okungena kwikhamera. Lo msebenzi ubalulekile ekufumaneni imifanekiso esemgangathweni phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo zokukhanya.
Misela isisombululo.
Ilensi elungileyo inokubonelela ngemifanekiso ecacileyo nesemgangathweni ophezulu eneenkcukacha ezichanekileyo, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni nasekuchongeni izinto ngokuchanekileyo.
Ukulungiswa kokugqwethwa kwelensi.
Xa kuyilwa iilensi zokubona komatshini, kuya kulungiswa ukugqwetheka ukuze ilensi ifumane iziphumo ezichanekileyo nezichanekileyo ngexesha lokucubungula imifanekiso.
Umfanekiso wobunzulu.
Ezinye iilensi eziphambili zinokubonelela ngolwazi olunzulu, olubaluleke kakhulu kwimisebenzi efana nokuchonga izinto, ukuqaphela, kunye nokubeka izinto kwindawo yazo.
Iingcinga Zokugqibela:
UChuangAn wenze uyilo lokuqala kunye nemveliso yeiilensi zokubona koomatshini, ezisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zeenkqubo zokubona koomatshini. Ukuba unomdla okanye uneemfuno zeelensi zokubona koomatshini, nceda unxibelelane nathi ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Juni-04-2024
