Iikhamera zemizi-mveliso zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zokubona koomatshini. Umsebenzi wazo obalulekileyo kukuguqula imiqondiso ye-optical ibe yimiqondiso yombane ecwangcisiweyo kwiikhamera ezincinci zemizi-mveliso ezineenkcazo eziphezulu.
Kwiinkqubo zokubona koomatshini, ilensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso ilingana neliso lomntu, kwaye umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukugxila umfanekiso ojolisiweyo kumphezulu obonakalayo wesixhobo somfanekiso (ikhamera yemizi-mveliso).
Lonke ulwazi lomfanekiso olucutshungulwa yinkqubo yokubona lunokufumaneka kwilensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso.ilensi yekhamera yemizi-mvelisokuya kuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukusebenza ngokubanzi kwenkqubo yokubona.
Njengohlobo lwezixhobo zokufota, iilensi zekhamera zemizi-mveliso zihlala zenza inkqubo epheleleyo yokufumana umfanekiso enombane, ikhamera, njl. Ke ngoko, ukukhethwa kweelensi zekhamera zemizi-mveliso kulawulwa ziimfuno zenkqubo iyonke. Ngokubanzi, inokuhlalutywa kwaye iqwalaselwe kwezi nkalo zilandelayo:
1.Ubude begagasi kunye nelensi yokusondeza okanye akunjalo
Kulula kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso ifuna ilensi yokusondeza okanye ilensi egxile kwingqwalasela esisigxina. Okokuqala, kuyimfuneko ukumisela ukuba ubude bomda obusebenzayo belensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso bugxile kwingqwalasela. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokufota, ukuba kufuneka kutshintshwe ukwandiswa, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ilensi yokusondeza, kungenjalo ilensi egxile kwingqwalasela esisigxina yanele.
Ngokuphathelele ubude bomda obusebenzayoiilensi zekhamera zoshishino, ibhendi yokukhanya ebonakalayo yeyona ixhaphakileyo, kwaye kukwakho nokusetyenziswa kwezinye iibhendi. Ngaba kufuneka amanyathelo okucoca ongezelelweyo? Ngaba kukukhanya okukodwa okanye okune-polychromatic? Ngaba impembelelo yokukhanya okungaqhelekanga ingaphetshwa ngempumelelo? Kubalulekile ukuvavanya ngokupheleleyo le micimbi ingentla ngaphambi kokuba umisele ubude bomda welensi obusebenzayo.
Khetha iilensi zekhamera zemizi-mveliso
2.Izicelo ezikhethekileyo zinikwa kuqala
Ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo sokwenyani, kunokubakho iimfuno ezikhethekileyo. Iimfuno ezikhethekileyo maziqinisekiswe kuqala, umzekelo, ukuba kukho umsebenzi wokulinganisa, ukuba kufuneka ilensi ye-telecentric, nokuba ubunzulu bokugxila komfanekiso bukhulu kakhulu, njl. Ubunzulu bokugxila abusoloko buthathwa nzulu, kodwa nayiphi na inkqubo yokucubungula umfanekiso kufuneka iyithathele ingqalelo.
3.Umgama wokusebenza kunye nobude obuphambili
Umgama wokusebenza kunye nobude be-focal buhlala buqwalaselwa kunye. Ingcinga ngokubanzi kukuqala ngokuchonga isisombululo senkqubo, uze uqonde ukwandiswa kunye nobukhulu be-pixel ye-CCD, uze uqonde umgama onokwenzeka wento-umfanekiso kunye nemida yesakhiwo sendawo, ukuze kuqikelelwe ngakumbi ubude be-focal yelensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso.
Ngoko ke, ubude be-focal lens yekhamera yemizi-mveliso bunxulumene nomgama osebenzayo welens yekhamera yemizi-mveliso kunye nesisombululo sekhamera (kunye nobukhulu be-CCD pixel).
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iilensi zekhamera zemizi-mveliso
4.Ubungakanani bomfanekiso kunye nomgangatho womfanekiso
Ubungakanani bomfanekiso weilensi yekhamera yemizi-mvelisoOkukhethwayo kufuneka kuhambelane nobukhulu bomphezulu wekhamera yemizi-mveliso obunovakalelo lwefoto, kwaye umgaqo othi “omkhulu ukuze ulungele omncinci” kufuneka ulandelwe, oko kukuthi, umphezulu wekhamera onovakalelo lwefoto awunakudlula ubungakanani bomfanekiso obuboniswe yilensi, kungenjalo umgangatho womfanekiso webala lokujonga elingaphandle awunakuqinisekiswa.
Iimfuneko zomgangatho womfanekiso zixhomekeke kakhulu kwi-MTF kunye nokuguqulwa. Kwizicelo zokulinganisa, ukuguqulwa kufuneka kunikwe ingqalelo ephezulu.
5.I-Aperture kunye ne-lens mount
Ukuvuleka kweelensi zekhamera zoshishino kuchaphazela kakhulu ukukhanya komphezulu womfanekiso, kodwa kwimbono yomatshini yangoku, ukukhanya komfanekiso wokugqibela kuxhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi ezifana nokuvuleka, amasuntswana ekhamera, ixesha lokudibanisa, umthombo wokukhanya, njl. Ke ngoko, ukuze kufunyanwe ukukhanya komfanekiso okufunekayo, kufuneka amanyathelo amaninzi okulungisa.
Ukuxhonywa kwelensi kwikhamera yemizi-mveliso kubhekisa kujongano lokuxhonywa phakathi kwelensi nekhamera, kwaye ezi zimbini kufuneka zihambelane. Xa ezi zimbini zingahambelani, kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukutshintshwa.
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iilensi zekhamera zemizi-mveliso
6.Ixabiso kunye nokuvuthwa kwetekhnoloji
Ukuba emva kokuqwalaselwa ngokupheleleyo kwezi zinto zingasentla, kukho izisombululo ezininzi ezihlangabezana neemfuno, ungaqwalasela iindleko ezipheleleyo kunye nokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe, kwaye uzinike indawo yokuqala.
PS: Umzekelo wokukhetha ilensi
Apha ngezantsi sinika umzekelo wendlela yokukhetha ilensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokujonga umatshini yokuchonga iingqekembe kufuneka ixhotyiswe ngeilensi yekhamera yemizi-mveliso. Imida eyaziwayo yile: i-CCD yekhamera yemizi-mveliso yi-2/3 intshi, ubungakanani be-pixel yi-4.65μm, i-C-mount, umgama wokusebenza mkhulu kune-200mm, isisombululo senkqubo yi-0.05mm, kwaye umthombo wokukhanya ngumthombo wokukhanya we-LED omhlophe.
Uhlalutyo olusisiseko lokukhetha iilensi lulandelayo:
(1) Ilensi esetyenziswa nomthombo wokukhanya we-LED omhlophe kufuneka ibe kuluhlu lokukhanya okubonakalayo, ngaphandle kwemfuneko yokusondeza, kwaye ilensi egxile kwingqwalasela esisigxina inokukhethwa.
(2) Kuhlolo lwemizi-mveliso, umsebenzi wokulinganisa uyafuneka, ngoko ke ilensi ekhethiweyo iyadingeka ukuba ibe nokuguquguquka okuphantsi.
(3) Umgama wokusebenza kunye nobude obujoliswe kuyo:
Ukwandiswa komfanekiso: M=4.65/(0.05 x 1000)=0.093
Ubude befokhalthi: F= L*M/(M+1)= 200*0.093/1.093=17mm
Ukuba umgama ofunekayo kufuneka ube ngaphezu kwe-200mm, ubude be-focal yelensi ekhethiweyo kufuneka bube ngaphezu kwe-17mm.
(4) Ubungakanani bomfanekiso welensi ekhethiweyo akufuneki bube mncinci kunefomathi yeCCD, oko kukuthi, ubuncinane i-intshi ezi-2/3.
(5) I-lens mount kufuneka ibe yi-C-mount ukuze isetyenziswe kwiikhamera zoshishino. Akukho mfuneko yokuba i-aperture ivuleke okwangoku.
Ngokuhlalutya nokubala izinto ezingentla, sinokufumana "umzobo" wokuqala weelensi zekhamera zoshishino: ubude befocal obungaphezulu kwe-17mm, ukugxila okuzinzileyo, uluhlu lokukhanya olubonakalayo, i-C-mount, ehambelana nobungakanani be-pixel ye-CCD ye-2/3-intshi ubuncinane, kunye nokuphazamiseka komfanekiso omncinci. Ngokusekelwe kwezi mfuno, ukhetho olongezelelweyo lunokwenziwa. Ukuba iilensi ezininzi zinokuhlangabezana nezi mfuno, kucetyiswa ukuba kuphuculwe ngakumbi kwaye kukhethwe ilensi engcono.
Iingcinga Zokugqibela:
UChuangAn wenze uyilo lokuqala kunye nemveliso yeiilensi zoshishino, ezisetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zezicelo zoshishino. Ukuba unomdla okanye uneemfuno zeelensi zoshishino, nceda unxibelelane nathi ngokukhawuleza.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-21-2025
