Noocyada muraayadaha caadiga ah

Muraayadaha Singlet-ka ah

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-01

Muraayadaha laba-laaban

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-02

Muraayadaha Petzval

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-03

Muraayadaha Cooke Triplelet iyo Anastigmat

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-04

Muraayadda Tessar

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-05

Muraayadaha Ernostar

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-06

Muraayadda Sonnar

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-07

Muraayadda Double Gauss

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-08

Muraayadda xagasha ballaaran ee siman

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-09

Muraayadaha telephoto-ga

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-10

Muraayadaha telefoto-ga ee Retrofocus / Reverse

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-11

Muraayadda Fisheye

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-12

Muraayadaha zoom-ka

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-13

Muraayadaha indhaha

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-14

Muraayadaha Telecentric

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-15

Muraayadaha indhaha ee milicsiga leh

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-16

Indhaha

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-17

Muraayadaha teleskoobka

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-18

Muraayadaha Microscope-ka

noocyada muraayadaha-caadiga ah-19

Qore:光学玩转大师兄

LA:https://www.zhihu.com/question/60001545/answer/2302771776


Waqtiga boostada: Febraayo-02-2023