Telefoto aad u wanaagsanmuraayadaha indhaha, gaar ahaan kuwa leh dherer diiradda saaraya 300mm iyo wixii ka sarreeya, waa qalab lagama maarmaan u ah sawir qaadista shimbiraha, taasoo kuu oggolaanaysa inaad qabato sawirro qallafsan oo faahfaahsan iyada oo aan faragelin ku sameynin dhaqankooda, oo la mid ah saameynta isticmaalka teleskoob weyn.
Maqaalkan, waxaan ku baran doonaa isticmaalka muraayadaha telephoto ee super-telephoto ee sawir qaadista shimbiraha.
1.Awoodda qabashada fog
Maadaama shimbiruhu ay inta badan degaan meelo ka fog aadanaha, muraayadaha indhaha ee loo yaqaan 'super-telephoto lenses' waxay bixiyaan weyneyn aad u sarreysa, taasoo u suurtagelinaysa sawir qaadayaasha inay sawirro faahfaahsan ka qaadaan shimbiraha meelo fogfog iyagoon carqaladeyn dhaqankooda dabiiciga ah. Astaantan ayaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah marka la sawirayo shimbiro naadir ah.
Tusaale ahaan, goobaha dabiiciga ah ama duurjoogta, isticmaalka muraayadda telephoto-ga oo aad u badan waxay kuu ogolaaneysaa inaad iska indha tirto caqabadaha sida geedaha iyo dhulka oo aad si toos ah u sawirto buulasha shimbiraha ee ku jira saqafka geedka ama shimbiraha socdaalka ah ee biyaha saaran. Adigoo isticmaalaya muraayad 600mm ah, waxaad ku toogan kartaa walxaha qiyaastii 90cm meel u jirta masaafo dhan 100 mitir, taasoo sahlaysa inaad qabato daqiiqadda hummingbirds-ka oo baalashooda ruxaya ama gorgorka ugaadhsanaya.
Muraayadaha telephoto ee aadka u sarreeya waxay qaban karaan faahfaahinta shimbiraha masaafooyin fog
2.Xakamaynta cadaadiska booska iyo halabuurka
Telefoto aad u wanaagsanmuraayadaha indhahawaxay bixisaa saameyn xoog leh oo ku saabsan cadaadiska aragtida, taasoo shimbiraha fog u soo dhoweyneysa asalka, taasoo ka dhigaysa inay si cad uga soo muuqdaan qaab-dhismeedka. Tani waxay mugdi gelineysaa asalka, iyadoo iftiimineysa mawduuca, iyadoo abuuraysa dareen xooggan oo qoto dheer oo muuqaal ah.
Astaantan muraayadaha telephoto-ga ee aadka u sarreeya waxay u oggolaanaysaa sawir qaadayaasha inay diiradda saaraan faahfaahinta gaarka ah ee shimbiraha, sida qaabka baalasha ama dhaqdhaqaaqa af-duubka, ama inay abuuraan hal-abuur hal-abuur leh.
Tusaale ahaan, marka la sawirayo wiish cas oo taaj cas leh oo taagan dhul qoyan, qorrax soo baxa iyo daruuraha gadaasha ku jira waxaa lagu dari karaa mawduuca iyada oo loo marayo muraayadda, taasoo kor u qaadaysa sheekada sawirka.
3.Diiradda degdegga ah iyo toogashada degdegga ah
Shimbiraha badanaa si dhakhso ah ayay u dhaqaaqaan, sidaa darteed sawir qaadista shimbiraha waxay u baahan tahay jawaab degdeg ah, diiradda saarista degdegga ah iyo toogashada degdegga ah waa shuruudaha muhiimka ah. Muraayadaha telephoto-ga ee aadka u sarreeya badanaa waxaa lagu qalabeeyaa nidaam diiradda saaraya xawaare sare, kaas oo dhammaystiri kara diiradda saarista waqti gaaban gudaheed oo qaban kara daqiiqadaha firfircoon ee shimbiraha.
Tusaale ahaan, marka lifaaqa super-telephoto loo isticmaalo muraayadda aperture-ka F4.5, wuxuu bixiyaa waxqabad aad u fiican xitaa xaaladaha dhalaalaya; marka la sawirayo xawaaraha oo hoos ugu soo dhacaya ugaadhsiga, waxay diiradda saari kartaa 0.5 ilbiriqsi gudahood, iyadoo si dhakhso ah u qabanaysa dhaqdhaqaaqa daqiiqadaha ah.
Muraayadaha telephoto ee aadka u sarreeya ayaa si dhakhso ah u qaban kara dhaqdhaqaaqa degdegga ah ee shimbiraha
4.Xal sare iyo muujin faahfaahsan
Telefoto-ga aadka u wanaagsanmuraayadKaliya ma toogan karo shimbiraha meel fog, laakiin sidoo kale wuxuu qaban karaa sawirro dhow oo shimbiraha ah isagoo hagaajinaya dhererka diiradda. Awooddani waxay u oggolaanaysaa sawir qaadayaasha inay qabtaan faahfaahinta sida qaab-dhismeedka baalasha shimbirta iyo muujinta wejiga, taasoo kobcinaysa muujinta sawirradooda.
Tusaale ahaan, marka la sawirayo daanyeer baalashiisa ku faafaya muraayad telephoto ah oo aad u weyn, qaab-dhismeedka baalasheeda si cad ayaa loo soo celin karaa. Marka lagu daro teleconverter (sida 1.4x ama 2x), muraayadda 600mm waxay gaari kartaa dherer le'eg oo ah 840mm (1.4x) ama 1200mm (2x), taasoo gaareysa saameyn "telescopic microscopic", oo ku habboon qabashada qaab-dhismeedka mikroskoobka ee walxaha buulka shimbiraha (sida jirridda cawska iyo baalasha).
5.La qabsiga jawiyada adag
Muraayadaha telephoto-ga ee aadka u fiican aad bay u dabacsan yihiin deegaanno kala duwan waxayna ku habboon yihiin in loo isticmaalo xaalado iftiin oo kala duwan sida qorraxda xooggan ama maalmaha daruuraha leh.
Tusaale ahaan, meelaha iftiinka yar, muraayadaha telephoto-ga ee aadka u badan badanaa waxay u baahan yihiin goobo ISO sare leh ama flash si ay u qabtaan duurjoogta iyo ciyaaraha. Marka ay shimbiraha ku sawirayaan meelo qoyan ama kaymo ah, sawir qaadayaashu waxay dooran karaan inay isticmaalaan muraayad telephoto sare leh oo leh tripod ama xasilin muuqaal ah oo jirka ah si loo hubiyo sawirro deggan.
Muraayadaha telephoto ee aadka u sarreeya waxay la qabsan karaan deegaanno kala duwan
6.Adeegsiyo gaar ah iyo farsamooyin kala duwan
Telefoto aad u wanaagsanmuraayadaha indhahawaxaa sidoo kale loo isticmaali karaa in lagu abuuro aragtiyo gaar ah iyo muujin, ma aha oo kaliya in lagu qabto sawirrada jidhka oo dhan ee shimbiraha laakiin sidoo kale in lagu qabto sawirro dhow.
Tusaale ahaan, iyagoo kala beddelaya xagasha toogashada iyo dhererka diiradda, ama isticmaalaya tiknoolajiyada xakamaynta fog, sawir qaadayaashu waxay qaban karaan dhaqanka shimbiraha ama muuqaallada dhow ee meelaha qarsoon, iyagoo qabanaya jihada firfircoon ee shimbiraha duulaya ama quruxda taagan ee shimbiraha nasashada. Marka ay sawirayaan haramcadka dhulka daaqsinka ah ee Afrika, muraayadda 600mm waxay u oggolaanaysaa qabashada haramcadka gudaha gaari qarsoon. Muraayad 100-400mm ah ayaa u oggolaanaysa qabashada indhaha shimbiraha, baalasha, iyo faahfaahinta kale.
Fikradaha kama dambaysta ah:
Haddii aad xiisaynayso inaad iibsato noocyo kala duwan oo muraayado ah oo loogu talagalay kormeerka, sawir-qaadista, diyaaradaha aan duuliyaha lahayn, guriga casriga ah, ama isticmaal kasta oo kale, waxaan haynaa waxaad u baahan tahay. Nala soo xiriir maanta si aad wax badan uga barato muraayadahayada iyo agabka kale.
Waqtiga boostada: Oktoobar-24-2025
