Ua kōkua ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā optics i ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou a me nā ʻepekema ola e komo i kahi pae o ka hoʻomohala wikiwiki ʻana, e like me ke ʻoki kino minimally invasive, ka laser therapy, ka ʻike maʻi, ka noiʻi biological, ka nānā ʻana o ka DNA, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke ʻoki kino a me ka Pharmacokinetics

ʻO ke kuleana o nā optics i ke ʻoki kino a me ka pharmacokinetics e hōʻike nui ʻia ma nā ʻano ʻelua: laser a me ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana a me ke kiʻi ʻana in vivo.

1. Hoʻohana ʻia ka laser ma ke ʻano he kumu ikehu

Ua hoʻolauna ʻia ke kumumanaʻo o ka laser therapy i ke ʻoki maka i nā makahiki 1960. I ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai nā ʻano laser like ʻole a me ko lākou mau waiwai, ua hoʻonui koke ʻia ka laser therapy i nā kahua ʻē aʻe.

Hiki i nā kumu kukui laser like ʻole (kinoea, paʻa, a pēlā aku) ke hoʻopuka i nā lasers pulsed (Pulsed Lasers) a me nā lasers hoʻomau (Continuous wave), nona nā hopena like ʻole ma nā ʻiʻo like ʻole o ke kino kanaka. ʻO kēia mau kumu kukui nui ka: pulsed ruby ​​​​laser (Pulsed ruby ​​​​laser); hoʻomau argon ion laser (CW argon ion laser); hoʻomau carbon dioxide laser (CW CO2); yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. Ma muli o ka hopena coagulation koko o ka hoʻomau carbon dioxide laser a me yttrium aluminum garnet laser i ka wā e ʻoki ai i nā ʻiʻo kanaka, hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i ke ʻoki kino maʻamau.

ʻOi aku ka lōʻihi o ka nalu o nā lasers i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o 100 nm. Hoʻohana ʻia ka omo ʻana o nā lasers o nā nalu like ʻole i nā ʻiʻo like ʻole o ke kino kanaka e hoʻonui i kāna mau noi lapaʻau. No ka laʻana, i ka wā e ʻoi aku ai ka lōʻihi o ka nalu o ka laser ma mua o 1um, ʻo ka wai ka mea omo mua. ʻAʻole hiki i nā lasers ke hana wale i nā hopena wela i ka omo ʻana o nā ʻiʻo kanaka no ka ʻoki ʻoki a me ke coagulation, akā hana pū i nā hopena mechanical.

ʻOi loa ma hope o ka ʻike ʻana o ka poʻe i nā hopena mechanical nonlinear o nā lasers, e like me ka hana ʻana o nā pehu cavitation a me nā nalu kaomi, ua hoʻopili ʻia nā lasers i nā ʻano hana photodisruption, e like me ke ʻoki cataract a me ke ʻoki kemika e wāwahi ana i nā pōhaku puʻupaʻa. Hiki i nā lasers ke hana i nā hopena photochemical e alakaʻi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi kanesa me nā mea hoʻopili photosensitive e hoʻokuʻu i nā hopena lāʻau ma nā wahi kikoʻī, e like me ka lāʻau PDT. He kuleana koʻikoʻi ko ka laser i hui pū ʻia me ka pharmacokinetics ma ke kahua o ka lāʻau lapaʻau pololei.

2. Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kukui ma ke ʻano he mea hana no ka hoʻomālamalama ʻana a me ke kiʻi ʻana i loko o ke kino

Mai ka makahiki 1990, ʻo CCD (Charge-CoupledUa hoʻokomo ʻia ke kāmela) i loko o ke ʻoki kino minimally invasive (Minimally Invasive Therapy, MIT), a ua loaʻa i nā optics kahi loli qualitative i nā noi ʻoki kino. ʻO nā hopena kiʻi o ka mālamalama i ka ʻoki kino minimally invasive a me ka wehe ʻana e pili nui ana i nā endoscopes, nā ʻōnaehana micro-imaging, a me ke kiʻi holographic ʻoki kino.

Hiki ke loliʻEndoscope, e komo pū ana me ka gastroenteroscope, duodenoscope, colonoscope, angioscope, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

ʻO ke ala optical o ka endoscope

ʻO ke ala optical o ka endoscope e komo pū me ʻelua mau ʻōnaehana kūʻokoʻa a hoʻonohonoho pū ʻia o ka hoʻomālamalama a me ke kiʻi ʻana.

PaʻaʻEndoscope, me ka arthroscopy, laparoscopy, thoracoscopy, ventriculoscopy, hysteroscopy, cystoscopy, otolinoscopy, a pēlā aku.

ʻO ka maʻamau, he nui wale nā ​​​​kihi ala optical paʻa o nā endoscopes paʻa e koho ai, e like me 30 degere, 45 degere, 60 degere, a pēlā aku.

He mea hana kiʻi ke kāmela kino liʻiliʻi e pili ana i kahi kahua ʻenehana CMOS a me CCD liʻiliʻi. No ka laʻana, he capsule endoscope,PillCam. Hiki iā ia ke komo i loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe o ke kino o ke kanaka e nānā i nā ʻeha a nānā i nā hopena o nā lāʻau lapaʻau.

ʻO ka endoscope capsule

ʻO ka microscope holographic ʻoki kino, kahi mea hana kiʻi i hoʻohana ʻia e nānā i nā kiʻi 3D o nā ʻiʻo maikaʻi i ke ʻoki kino pololei, e like me ke neurosurgery no ka craniotomy.

ʻO ka microscope holographic ʻoki kino

Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo:

1. Ma muli o ka hopena wela, ka hopena mechanical, ka hopena photosensitivity a me nā hopena olaola ʻē aʻe o ka laser, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma ke ʻano he kumu ikehu i ke ʻoki kino minimally invasive, ka mālama ʻole invasive a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia.

2. Ma muli o ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana kiʻi, ua holomua nui nā lako kiʻi optical lapaʻau i ke ala o ka hoʻonā kiʻekiʻe a me ka miniaturization, e kau ana i ke kahua no ke ʻoki kino minimally invasive a pololei in vivo. I kēia manawa, ʻo nā mea hana kiʻi lapaʻau i hoʻohana nui ʻia e komo pū menā endoscopes, nā kiʻi holographic a me nā ʻōnaehana micro-imaging.